论法律推理中的实质推导

发布时间：2018-06-12 16:05

本文选题：法律推理 + 实质推导　；参考：《中国政法大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： “法官的判决是怎样形成的?”,这个人类追问了数千年的问题,看起来似乎并不是那么的复杂,因为在世界各地的数以万计的法院中,每天都进行着大量的决定案件的工作。但当我们以理性的、探究的目光来考问这个过程的时候,我们会发现它是那么的隐晦与难以把握,它不但涉及到法律的、语言的、思维的知识,而且还包含着对政策、时代精神、与人性的确认。就如美国大法官卡多佐所言的那样:“任何法官都会认为可以很容易地描述他沿袭了成千上万次的司法决定的过程。然而,没有比这离事实真相更为遥远的了。” 本文正是沿着这样的追问,考量司法过程中最有争议但又最具有特色、最令人关注的法律推理问题。文章着重讨论了法律推理中的实质推导,以期解决的问题是当法律自身出现不清晰、混乱或者面对复杂的社会关系而“沉默”等等法律不确定的情形时,理性之光是如何重新照亮法律的天空。质言之就是在法律的适用过程中,法律出现了各种不健全情况的时候,我们是怎样寻找到合理的法律规范的。文章对实质推导的一些主要问题做了一定的阐述与研究,尝试揭示了一个以实质推导的涵义、实质推导的规则、实质推导的模式等为主要内容的实质推导过程。希望对法律推理问题做出一些理论与实践方面的探索。
[Abstract]:"how did the judge's decision come into being?" the human question, which has been asked for thousands of years, doesn't seem to be that complicated, because in tens of thousands of courts around the world, there are a lot of decisions going on every day. But when we look at the process from a rational, exploratory perspective, we find that it is so obscure and difficult to grasp. It involves not only knowledge of law, language, thinking, but also policy. The spirit of the times, and the confirmation of human nature. As U.S. Justice Cardoso put it: "any judge would think it easy to describe his process of following thousands of judicial decisions. However, there is nothing more distant from the truth. " This paper follows this kind of questioning to consider the most controversial, characteristic and most interesting legal reasoning in the judicial process. This paper focuses on the substantive derivation in legal reasoning, in order to solve the problem when the law itself appears unclear, confused or "silent" in the face of complex social relations, and so on. How the light of reason relights the sky of law. In short, how do we find reasonable legal norms in the process of application of law, when there are various imperfect situations in the law. In this paper, some main problems of substantive derivation are expounded and studied to some extent, and an attempt is made to reveal a substantial derivation process with the meaning of substantive derivation, the rules of substantive derivation, the mode of substantive derivation, and so on. I hope to make some theoretical and practical exploration on legal reasoning.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D90-051

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