法律信仰对象：自然法

发布时间：2018-07-05 00:15

本文选题：法律信仰 + 对象　；参考：《山东大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 我国正处于建设法治社会的初期,虽然我国的法治建设得到了一定程度的发展,但是我们也应该看到法治建设中存在的很多亟待解决的问题。那么到底如何从本质上解决这些问题,从而更快更好的实现法治社会这一长远战略目标,就成为了人们关注的焦点。笔者认为解决这些问题的关键是使人们形成以自然法为对象的法律信仰,只有当人们从内心上确信对自然法信仰,把自然法视为心灵的寄托,那么我国法治建设过程中所遇到的问题将会迎刃而解。本论文共分为四章,第一章论述了法律信仰的来源:伯尔曼教授首先明确提出了对法律的信仰,笔者对其经过分析后,认为我国需要信仰;第二章总结论述了当今学术界支持法律信仰的人们的观点,并对此观点进行了分析批判,从而为自然法成为法律信仰对象提供了支持。持此种观点的人们之所以认为法律可以被信仰是因为以下几个原因:首先,我国缺失法律信仰的对象,从而造成了在法律信仰的危机,其次,法律具有被信仰的特性,如法律具有人权性、救济性、科学性,最后,法律信仰的形成有助于我国法治社会的建设;笔者对以上的原因分别进行了批判,如笔者认为我国并不存在法律信仰对象缺失的问题,因而运用相关的论证对此进行了深刻的批判;第三章阐明了信仰的本质,也就是说若想成为信仰的对象,到底应该具有怎样的品质,从而为下文的论证奠定的了基础,之后,总结论述了反对法律信仰的人们的观点:一种观点认为实证法不可以被信仰,理由为实证法具有世俗性、缺陷性、功利性、强制性,根本不符合信仰的品质,另一种观点认为依据我国的法治现状我们应该信仰传统,信仰传统更符合熟人社会,人们不需要冰冷的法律,需要温情。笔者在总结论述的同时加入自己的思考对其中的不妥之处进行了深刻的批判。第四章从对以上两种观点的论述中证明自己的观点:法律可以被信仰,只不过所信仰的对象应该是自然法。自然法信仰的形成应借助实证法,即实证法是自然法的载体,最后的阐述了如何培养人们对自然法的信仰。总之,对法律信仰对象重新解析,将会促使人们的进一步思考,使法的信仰尽快形成。我们知道,在人类的漫长旅途中,人们需要信仰,那么在法治社会的建设道路上人们同样需要信仰,更确切地说人们需要自然法信仰。相信以自然法为对象的法律信仰普遍形成,将会满足人们不断追求的精神生活,将会有助于法治精神的传播,将会有利于和谐社会的构建,最终实现发达的法治社会!
[Abstract]:China is in the early stage of building a society ruled by law. Although the construction of the rule of law in our country has been developed to a certain extent, we should also see that there are many problems to be solved in the construction of the rule of law. So how to solve these problems from the essence, so as to achieve the long-term strategic goal of a society ruled by law faster and better, has become the focus of attention. The author thinks that the key to solve these problems is to make people form the legal belief of natural law. Only if people believe in natural law from the heart, regard natural law as the sustenance of the mind. Then the problems encountered in the construction of our country's rule of law will be solved. This thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter discusses the source of legal belief: professor Berman first clearly put forward the belief in law, the author thinks that our country needs faith after analyzing it; The second chapter summarizes and criticizes the views of the people who support the legal belief in the academic world, thus providing the support for the natural law to become the object of legal belief. People who hold this view believe that the law can be believed for the following reasons: first, the lack of the object of legal faith in our country, resulting in a crisis in legal faith, and secondly, the law has the characteristics of being believed in. If the law is human rights, relief, scientific, finally, the formation of legal beliefs is conducive to the construction of a society ruled by law. For example, the author thinks that there is no lack of the object of legal belief in our country, so he criticizes it deeply by using relevant argumentation. The third chapter clarifies the essence of belief, that is, if you want to be the object of belief, What kind of quality should it have, thus laying the foundation for the following argument, and then summarizing and discussing the views of those who oppose the legal belief: one view that positivistic law cannot be believed, the reason is that positivist law is secular, Defect, utilitarianism, compulsion, do not accord with the quality of belief at all. Another view is that according to the present situation of rule of law in our country, we should believe in tradition, belief tradition is more in line with acquaintance society, people do not need cold law, need warmth. While summing up the discussion, the author adds his own thinking to make a profound critique of the inappropriateness. The fourth chapter proves his view from the above two viewpoints: the law can be believed, but the object of belief should be natural law. The formation of belief in natural law should be based on positive law, that is, positive law is the carrier of natural law. Finally, it expounds how to cultivate people's belief in natural law. In a word, the reanalysis of the object of legal belief will urge people to think further and make the faith of law form as soon as possible. We know that in the long journey of human beings, people need faith, so people also need faith in the construction of a society ruled by law, and more precisely, people need faith in natural law. It is believed that the universal formation of legal belief in the object of natural law will satisfy the spiritual life that people are constantly pursuing, will help to spread the spirit of rule by law, will be conducive to the construction of a harmonious society, and will ultimately achieve the development of a society ruled by law.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D920.0

【参考文献】