辩护律师职业保密制度研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 11:42

本文选题：辩护律师　切入点：职业保密　出处：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：辩护律师职业保密制度是刑事诉讼领域一个重要的理论问题,不仅关系到当事人诉讼权利以及合法权益的保障,还关系到辩护律师辩护职责的有效行使和辩护制度的稳固发展。辩护律师作为为当事人提供法律服务的执业人员,在参与刑事诉讼的过程中,为了实施切实有效的辩护来保护当事人的合法权益,必然要与当事人针对案件的有关情况进行全面、充分的交流,其中就不可避免会知晓事关当事人利害关系而当事人不愿意予以泄露的情况和信息。为了维护辩护律师与当事人之间的信赖关系,也为了保证辩护制度充分发挥作用,将律师保守职业秘密作为律师必须遵守的法律义务和职业道德意义重大。辩护律师职业保密制度包括保密义务和保密特权两方面的内容,二者相互联系,不可分割。目前,世界各国大多数都将辩护律师职业保密制度作为一项重要的司法制度加以规定。但在我国,律师制度的发展历史十分短暂,而且长期以来缺少保护律师职业保密行为的传统,相关立法和实践同世界上通行的做法存在较大差距。2007年新修订《律师法》对律师职业保密制度作出了修改和完善。但整体而言,这一制度仍然存在许多不足之处,严重阻碍了律师职责和使命的有效实现。本文试图从辩护律师的角色定位入手,指出“最大限度地维护当事人合法权益”是辩护律师在刑事诉讼中的核心任务和职责所在。然后对辩护律师职业保密制度的基本内容予以阐述,分析探讨我国立法现状、立法缺陷,并在研究借鉴国外成熟经验的基础上,对我国辩护律师职业保密制度的完善提供立法建议。本论文由引言、正文、结论组成,正文分为四章。第一章首先研究辩护律师的角色定位问题。通过比较论证学者对此的不同观点指出辩护律师是独立的诉讼主体,而非当事人的利益代言人。辩护律师在刑事诉讼中承担维护当事人合法权益和维护司法公正和社会正义的双重职责,但基于职业特殊性,维护司法公正和社会正义的职责是通过维护当事人诉讼权利和合法权益的途径来实现,具有消极性。第二章首先介绍辩护律师职业保密制度的基本内容,包括职业秘密的含义、职业保密制度的性质以及价值冲突问题。然后阐明我国的立法现状以及存在的主要缺陷。准确界定职业秘密的涵义是构建职业保密制度首先需要解决的基本问题。职业保密制度具体包含保密义务和保密特权两个方面的内容,二者相互联系,不可分割。辩护律师在执业过程中要面对保密义务与发现真实义务之间的价值冲突,从维护当事人合法利益的角度来看,辩护律师是通过与控诉方的理性对抗实现司法公正,其职业保密义务要高于协助法庭发现真实的义务。而我国的现行立法虽然对律师职业保密制度进行了修改和完善,但仍然存在诸多缺陷,如职业保密适用主体狭隘,职业保密时间范围不明确,例外规则过于强调国家利益,缺少律师免证特权的规定等。第三章主要介绍国际准则以及德、法、美、英的国对辩护律师职业保密制度的立法规定,通过比较研究的方法总结出对我国立法的启示,以及能够适用于我国司法实践的成熟经验。第四章在立足我国法制现状、总结国外成熟经验的基础上,提出完善我国辩护律师职业保密制度的建议,包括细化职业保密现行立法、赋予辩护律师免证特权等,并阐述完善律师职业保密制度的重要意义。
[Abstract]:The defense lawyer occupation security system is an important theoretical problem in the field of criminal procedure, not only related to the litigation rights of the parties and protect the legitimate rights and interests, but also related to the stable development of lawyer defense responsibilities effectively exercise and defense system. As a lawyer to provide legal services when people practice personnel in criminal litigation in, in order to implement the effective defense to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties, and the parties must fully on the situation in the case, the full exchange, which will inevitably be aware of related parties and interested parties do not want to be leaked and information. In order to maintain the defense lawyers and the parties of the trust relationship in order to ensure the defense system fully play the role of the lawyer, conservative secret occupation as a legal service and must abide by justice law Professional morality is of great significance.
The system of lawyer occupation secrecy includes two aspects of confidentiality obligation and privilege of the contents of the two interrelated and inseparable. At present, most countries in the world are the lawyer occupation security system is an important judicial system to be provided. But in China, the history of the development of the system of lawyers is very short, but for a long time the lack of protection of law occupation secrecy tradition, relevant legislation and practice with common practice in the world there is a big gap between the.2007 in the newly revised law > < made to modify and improve the lawyer occupation secrecy. But overall, this system still has many deficiencies, effective implementation has seriously hindered the duty and mission of lawyers. This paper attempts to start from the role of lawyers, pointed out that "maximally safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the parties is the defense counsel in criminal proceedings in the core task And responsibilities. Secondly, it expounds the basic contents of the lawyer's occupational secrecy system, analyzes and discusses the current legislative situation and legislative defects in China, and on the basis of learning from the mature experience abroad, provides legislative suggestions for the improvement of our country's lawyer's occupational secrecy system.
This paper consists of introduction, text, conclusion, the text is divided into four chapters. The first chapter on the role of lawyers. Through comparative analysis of different views of the scholars pointed out that the lawyer is independent of the subject of litigation, rather than the interests of the parties bear the lawyer spokesperson. In criminal proceedings to safeguard the legitimate interests of the parties and the double duty to safeguard judicial justice and social justice, but based on the particularity of occupation, safeguard judicial justice and social justice is the responsibility of the way to safeguard the litigation rights of the parties and the legitimate rights and interests through to achieve, has anti polarity. The second chapter first introduces the basic contents of the system of occupation secret counsel, including occupation secret meaning, occupation secrecy the nature and value conflict. Then clarify the status of legislation of our country and the main problems. The accurate definition of the meaning of secret occupation The basic problem which should be resolved first construction of occupation secrecy. Occupation security system consists of two specific aspects of the duty of confidentiality and privilege of the contents of the two interrelated and inseparable. Defense lawyers in the practice to face the duty of confidentiality and conflict between the value of true obligation to safeguard the legitimate interests of the parties, from the point of view. The defense lawyer is through rational confrontation with the complaint and achieve judicial justice, the occupation must be higher than the confidentiality obligation to assist the court found the true obligation. And the current legislation of our country although the lawyer occupation secrecy system was modified and improved, but there are still many defects, such as occupation security subject narrow, occupation confidential time range is not clear exceptions to the rules, too much emphasis on the interests of the state, the lack of law privilege rules. The third chapter mainly introduces the international standards as well as Germany, Britain, the United States. The lawyer occupation secrecy legislation, through comparative research methods summed up the enlightenment to our legislation, and mature experience can be applied to the judicial practice in China. In the fourth chapter, based on the status quo of legal system of our country, summarizes the foreign mature experience, to improve the defense lawyer occupation secrecy system in China the proposal, including the refinement of occupation secrecy legislation, giving the defense lawyers privilege, and expounds the significance of improving the lawyer occupation secrecy.

【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D926.5;D925.2

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