当代中国地方法院竞争研究

发布时间：2019-03-15 09:40

【摘要】：中国改革开放以来经济发展的奇迹要归功于地方之间为实现经济增长而展开的竞争，中国的地方法院也参与到地方的竞争之中，存在着政绩型竞争、公共型竞争和知识型竞争这三种竞争形态。在司法改革过程中，最高人民法院发挥着激励、引导、规制和监督地方法院竞争的政策调控作用。当代中国地方法院竞争是司法改革的内在动力来源，地方法院竞争的方向是建立公正、高效、权威的司法制度。全文共分为六章，其各章的基本内容概述如下：第一章导论。本章分析了当代中国地方法院竞争这一课题的研究意义，对国内外关于地方政府竞争和法院竞争的文献作了综述，概括了本文的写作视角、分析框架和研究方法。第二章当代中国地方法院竞争问题的提出。本章论述了竞争的概念及意义；对当代中国地方法院竞争的背景进行了分析，以经济建设为中心是地方法院竞争的竞争平台，地方法院竞争肇始于地方政府竞争向司法领域延伸，国家与社会的分离造就的多元司法需求也促进了地方法院的竞争；当代中国地方法院竞争符合资源的稀缺性、对资源的需求与争夺、资源具有流动性、多个需求主体且竞争主体具有平等性等竞争的基本条件；本章还提出了当代中国地方法院竞争的概念。第三章法院竞争的比较研究。英国的法院竞争主要表现在中世纪时期王室法庭与宗教法院、封建贵族法院等不同司法系统之间的竞争；美国的法院竞争既有州法院之间的竞争，也有联邦法院与州法院的竞争，还有公共法院（包括联邦法院和州法院）与私人法庭之间的竞争；法国的法院竞争主要表现在行政法院与普通民事法院这两个法院系统之间的竞争。域外法院的竞争，，促进了司法制度的变革与创新，为社会提供了更好的司法产品和服务。第四章当代中国地方法院竞争的形态分析。一是因司法权的地方化、法院管理的行政化和审判活动的服务化导致的为地方利益服务的政绩型竞争；二是地方法院因司法权的国家属性、地方法院的公共理性与法官的职业意识引发的向社会提供司法公共产品的公共型竞争；三是因司法理性与司法经验之相互碰撞产生的生产司法知识的知识型竞争。第五章对中国地方法院竞争的调控。当代中国地方法院的恶性竞争问题十分严重，一是表现为法院利益优先于公共利益的偏好替代，二是表现为社会稳定优先于公平正义的激励扭曲；三是表现为地方保护优先于法制统一的地方割据。最高人民法院对地方法院竞争的政策调控包括激励地方试验的司法改革、规制地方审判的司法绩效、引导地方竞争的司法导向、遏制地方保护的司法监督。中国地方法院竞争之调控的目标是建立公正、高效、权威的司法制度，调控的前提是尊重司法权的本质属性，调控的关键是实现地方法院的国家化。第六章当代中国地方法院竞争的法理意义与目标模式。当代中国地方法院之间的竞争，成为了法院系统司法改革的内在动力来源，推动了法院系统司法改革的进程。地方法院竞争的法经济学意义在于法律市场的供给激励，地方法院竞争的法政治学意义在于地方保护的司法控制，地方法院竞争的法社会学意义在于司法权威的竞争生成，地方法院竞争的法哲学意义在于制度创新的进化理性。当代中国地方法院竞争的目标模式是：在法治秩序的规则约束下，建立竞争与调控相结合的地方法院竞争秩序。
[Abstract]:The miracle of the economic development since the reform and opening-up in China is due to the competition between the local and local governments to realize the economic growth, and the local courts of China are also involved in the local competition, and there are three kinds of competition forms of the performance-based competition, the public-type competition and the knowledge-based competition. In the course of judicial reform, the Supreme People's Court plays an important role in stimulating, guiding, regulating and supervising the competition of the local courts. The competition of local courts in China is the internal motive force of judicial reform, and the direction of local court competition is to establish a fair, efficient and authoritative judicial system. The full text is divided into six chapters, and the basic contents of the chapters are as follows: Chapter 1 In this chapter, the research significance of the competition of the local local court in China is analyzed, and the literature on the competition of local government and the competition of the court at home and abroad is reviewed, and the writing angle, the analysis framework and the research party of this paper are summarized. Law. Chapter 2 Competition of Contemporary Chinese District Court This chapter discusses the concept and meaning of the competition, analyzes the background of the competition of the local court in the contemporary China, and takes the economic construction as the center is the competition platform of the local court competition, and the competition of the local court starts from the competition of the local government to the judicial collar The multi-judicial demand of the separation of the country and the society has also promoted the competition of the local courts; the competition of the local local courts in China is in accordance with the scarcity of resources, the demand for resources and the competition, and the resources The present chapter also puts forward the competition of the local courts in China. The concept of the third chapter. A comparative study of the competition between the royal court of the United Kingdom and the different judicial systems, such as the religious and the feudal aristocracy, and the competition between the courts of the United States and the state courts, as well as the federal courts and states. The competition of the Court, as well as the competition between the public courts (including the Federal Court and the State Court) and the private courts; the French Court's competition is mainly manifested in the two court systems of the Administrative Court and the General Civil Court The competition between the extraterritorial courts, the promotion of the reform and innovation of the judicial system and the provision of better justice for society Product and services. Chapter IV, Contemporary Chinese District Court The form analysis of competition. First, because of the localization of the judicial power, the administration of the administration of the court and the service of the trial activity, the competition for the performance of the local interest service is the result of the service of the court management. The state attribute of the right of law, the public reason of the local court and the public competition of the public product of the judicial public, which are caused by the public reason of the local court and the professional consciousness of the judge; the third is the mutual collision of the judicial reason and the judicial experience. Knowledge-based Competition of Knowledge. Chapter 5: China The competition of the local courts is regulated. The problem of the vicious competition in the local court of the present day is very serious. First, it is the preference for the interests of the court to be replaced by the preference of the public interest, and the second is the incentive and distortion of the social stability and the fairness and justice; and the third is the local protection priority. The policy and control of the Supreme People's Court on the competition of the local courts include the judicial reform of the local trial, the judicial performance of regulating the local trial, the judicial guidance to guide the local competition, and the restriction. The objective of the regulation of the competition of the local courts is to establish a fair, efficient and authoritative judicial system. The premise of regulation is to respect the essential attributes of the judicial power, and the key to the regulation is real. The Nationalization of the Present District Court. Chapter VI, Contemporary China's Local Court The competition between the local courts of the present time has become the internal power source of the judicial reform of the system, and the competition between the local courts of the present day has become the internal power source of the judicial reform of the system. The process of judicial reform in the local court. The law and economics of the local court competition lies in the supply of the legal market, the law of the law of the competition of the local courts lies in the judicial control of the local protection, the law of the competition of the local courts, and the significance of the law. The Law and Philosophical Significance of the Competition of the Judicial Authority and the Competition of the District Court; It is the evolution reason of the system innovation. The target mode of competition in the contemporary Chinese local court is to establish the competition and control phase under the rule of the rule of the rule of law.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926.2

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