国际刑法中危害人类罪的发展研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 03:14

本文选题：危害人类罪　切入点：罗马规约　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：国际刑法中所说的危害人类罪被称为“最恶之罪”，是国际社会密切关注的一种严重的国际罪行。在20世纪初的《色佛尔条约》开始有法律文献意识到危害人类罪，到《纽伦堡国际军事法庭宪章》明确规定危害人类罪，并且付诸实践，危害人类罪随着国际刑法的发展而不断的发展，国际社会也越来越重视，但到目前为止，，危害人类罪的发展还没有一个特别清晰、权威的脉络。通过运用文献分析法、规范分析法、案例分析法和比较分析法等研究方法，系统而全面地梳理了危害人类罪的发展历史，并以事前立法和事后立法为线索，将其划分为两个大的发展阶段，对每一个出现重大变化的历史阶段进行分析，重点分析危害人类罪在现阶段的发展创新点。以国际刑法中的重要法律文件《罗马规约》为着眼点，创新性的从实体创制和程序创制两个方面进行论述，实体方面从定义和构成要件出发，辅之以犯罪公知性和责任模式的规定，程序方面从原则性的规定入手，充分证明了《罗马规约》在打击危害人类罪方面做出的突出贡献，因此得出《罗马规约》危害人类罪发展历史上的一座丰碑这一结论。又因为利比亚犯罪情势是危害人类罪的最新司法实践，赋予了该罪崭新的时代内容，通过对利比亚发最新情势的深入剖析，总结出危害人类罪在四个方面的司法创制，包括安理会移交非缔约国情势、对非武装冲突可以进行管辖、间接犯罪和保护的责任首次由理论走向实践，该罪在实践中又有了新的发展。由此，在理论上可以明晰危害人类罪在各个发展阶段的特征及实践法则，弥补当前学者对此罪研究的单一和片面；在实践中又可以由利比亚的审判实践威慑其他国家对示威活动的处置以及完善人权的保护，同时也对我国的司法态度、法治、外交等方面有着深刻的启示。
[Abstract]:The crimes against humanity in international criminal law are called "the worst crimes", which is a serious international crime that the international community pays close attention to.At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Treaty of Seville began to have legal literature on crimes against humanity, and by the Charter of the International military Tribunal of Nuremberg, crimes against humanity were clearly defined and put into practice,With the development of international criminal law, crimes against humanity continue to develop, and the international community pays more and more attention to them. However, up to now, the development of crimes against humanity has not been a particularly clear and authoritative context.By using the methods of literature analysis, normative analysis, case analysis and comparative analysis, this paper systematically and comprehensively combs the development history of crimes against humanity, and takes the prior legislation and the ex post legislation as the clue.It is divided into two major stages of development, each of the major changes in the historical stage of analysis, focusing on the development of crimes against humanity in the current stage of innovation.Focusing on the important legal document "Rome Statute" in international criminal law, this paper discusses innovatively from two aspects of entity creation and procedure creation.Supplemented by the provisions of the model of public awareness and responsibility of crimes, and proceeding from the provisions of principle, the Rome Statute fully proves the outstanding contribution that the Rome Statute has made in the fight against crimes against humanity,The conclusion of the Rome Statute is that it is a monument in the history of crimes against humanity.And because the Libyan criminal situation is the latest judicial practice of crimes against humanity, it has given the crime a new content of the times. Through in-depth analysis of the latest situation in Libya, the judicial creation of crimes against humanity in four aspects has been summed up.For the first time, the indirect crime and the responsibility to protect have changed from theory to practice, and the crime has made new development in practice, including the transfer of non-party situations by the Security Council, the jurisdiction over non-armed conflict, and the transition of indirect crime and responsibility to protect from theory to practice for the first time.Therefore, in theory, the characteristics and practical rules of crimes against humanity in various stages of development can be clarified, making up for the single and one-sided research on this crime by scholars at present;In practice, the Libyan trial practice can deter other countries to deal with demonstrations and improve the protection of human rights, but also has profound enlightenment to our country's judicial attitude, rule of law, diplomacy and so on.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D997.9

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