我国城市饮用水安全保障法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 11:20

本文关键词： 饮用水城市法律制度　出处：《江西理工大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水问题是当今世界面临的重大问题之一,水危机既阻碍世界可持续发展,也威胁着世界和平。我国水资源问题在20世纪70年代很少被提及,而90年代就出现迅速恶化的情况,特别是城市饮用水安全问题已成为阻碍我国城市经济和社会可持续发展的重要制约因素。近年来,中央和地方加大了城市饮用水安全保障工作的力度,在2007年8月温家宝总理主持召开的国务院常务会议上要求,“十一五”期间要重点解决205个水量不足或水质尚未达标的城市和350个问题突出的县级政府所在地城镇饮用水安全问题,到2020年要全面改善设市城市和县级政府所在地城镇的饮用水安全状况。本文以环境法学为视角,从介绍我国城市饮用水安全现状入手,分析我国现行的城市饮用水安全保障法律制度的缺陷,借鉴国外城市饮用水安全保障法律制度的合理做法,对于完善我国城市饮用水安全保障法律制度的理论研究有一定的借鉴意义,也对于我国环境友好型、资源节约型社会建设有着一定的促进作用。本文的结构包括引言、正文和结语三个部分,其中正文部分包括4个方面:⑴是对城市饮用水安全保障制度进行概述。在这个部分,笔者对城市饮用水安全的定义进行了界定,再从法理学的角度对城市饮用水安全保障法律制度进行法理分析,以期为城市饮用水安全保障法律制度寻找法学理论基础。⑵是对我国城市饮用水安全的现状与保障法律制度存在的问题进行分析。在这个部分,笔者采用法学、生态学、环境科学和管理学等多学科的研究方法作为分析的工具,对我国城市饮用水进行调查和分析,从而全面认识我国城市饮用水安全保障的现状。另一方面对我国城市饮用水安全保障法律体系和主要法律制度进行较详细地介绍,揭示我国城市饮用水安全保障法律制度中存在的缺陷和不足之处。⑶是对国外城市饮用水安全保障法律制度的简介。在这个部分运用比较分析的方法,通过对美国、日本和德国的城市饮用水安全保障法律制度进行分析比较,找出这些制度的特点以及它们之间的差异,从中提取一些对我国有借鉴意义的城市饮用水安全保障法律规定。⑷是完善我国城市饮用水安全保障法律制度的措施。在这个部分笔者首先确立了可持续发展理念应作为完善我国城市饮用水安全保障法律制度的立法指导思想,再运用演绎和归纳的方法,综合考虑国外的城市饮用水安全保障法律制度的特点和我国的社会现状,为我国完善城市饮用水安全保障法律制度提出一些具体建议。
[Abstract]:Water problem is one of the major problems facing the world today. The water crisis not only hinders the sustainable development of the world, but also threatens the world peace. In 1970s, the water resources problem in our country was rarely mentioned. In 90s, the rapid deterioration of the situation, especially the safety of urban drinking water has become an important constraint to the sustainable development of urban economy and society in China in recent years. The central and local authorities have stepped up efforts to ensure the safety of urban drinking water, which was requested at the executive meeting of the State Council held under the auspices of Premier Wen Jiabao on August 2007. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, it is necessary to focus on resolving the problem of drinking water safety in 205 cities with insufficient quantity of water or water quality that has not yet reached the standard, and 350 cities and towns where the problems are prominent. By 2020, it is necessary to comprehensively improve the drinking water safety of cities and towns where county governments are located. From the perspective of environmental law, this paper analyzes the defects of the current legal system of urban drinking water safety protection in China from the introduction of the present situation of urban drinking water safety in China. To learn from the legal system of drinking water safety in foreign countries is of great significance to the theoretical study of the legal system of the safety of drinking water in our country, and also to the environment-friendly model of our country. The construction of resource-conserving society has a certain role to promote. The structure of this paper includes three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The main part includes four aspects: 1 is an overview of the urban drinking water safety and security system. In this part, the author defines the definition of urban drinking water safety. From the perspective of jurisprudence, the legal system of urban drinking water safety protection is analyzed. In order to find the legal theoretical basis for the legal system of urban drinking water safety. 2 is to analyze the current situation of the urban drinking water safety and the problems of the legal system. In this part, the author adopts the law. As a tool of analysis, multi-disciplinary research methods such as ecology, environmental science and management are used to investigate and analyze drinking water in cities in China. On the other hand, the legal system and main legal system of urban drinking water safety protection in China are introduced in detail. It is a brief introduction to the legal system of drinking water safety in foreign cities, which reveals the defects and inadequacies in the legal system of urban drinking water safety guarantee in our country. In this part, a comparative analysis method is used. Through the analysis and comparison of the legal systems of urban drinking water safety in the United States, Japan and Germany, we find out the characteristics of these systems and the differences between them. It is a measure to perfect the legal system of the safety of drinking water in our country to extract some legal provisions on the safety and security of urban drinking water that can be used for reference in our country. In this part, the author first establishes the principle of sustainable development. It should be regarded as the guiding ideology of legislation to perfect the legal system of the safety of drinking water in our country. Then the deductive and inductive methods are used to comprehensively consider the characteristics of the foreign legal system of urban drinking water safety protection and the social situation of our country. Some concrete suggestions are put forward for perfecting the legal system of urban drinking water safety in China.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.66

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