应对气候变化的绿色专利制度构建

发布时间：2018-01-31 04:46

本文关键词： 气候变化绿色技术绿色专利制度　出处：《华中科技大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在全球气候变化的背景下,知识产权尤其是专利权对环境变化的正负效应引发了人们的探讨、争议和深省。气候技术等绿色技术的创新及应用无疑是解决地球高烧不退的对症良方,是改善、减缓、适应气候变化的根本手段。但是事实上,专利权在激励各种技术创新的同时却也在某种程度上阻碍了创新成果的扩散,气候技术扩散缓慢、应用滞后、气候变化问题不断加剧的事实令人堪忧。因此,构建一套因应气候变化的绿色专利制度,加速绿色技术的供给成为了这场气候行动中的重要环节。首先,本文从气候变化的严峻形势出发,就专利制度与应对气候变化的关系研究上做了简要的综述,提炼了国内外就该问题探讨的基本观点、争议焦点和理论成果。并以此为基础提出了本文的研究价值和思路。其次,本文从经济分析的角度剖析了专利制度基本的激励功能和其垄断机理,对专利权的正当性基础进行了回顾和重审。同时,以气候技术在近二十年的发展为实证研究对象,肯定了现行专利制度在相关气候政策下对气候技术创新的激励影响,但同时也指出了在气候技术在扩散和应用中所受到的因为专利垄断带来的阻碍。进而提出了建立绿色专利制度的必要性。再次,本文以相关国际条约和发达国家的专利制度为制度规范分析的对象,节选了巴黎公约、TRIPs协定等与环保原则直接或间接相关的条文进行了学理解释;分享了欧美等发达国家在绿色专利制度中的探索经验,并总结了其中的不足。最后,本文尝试提出了建构中国的绿色专利制度的构想,将环保性作为重要的衡量标准,从立法宗旨、专利客体、审查程序、专利的应用与管理、救济、奖励等方面都提供了一套绿化的方案。
[Abstract]:In the context of global climate change, the positive and negative effects of intellectual property rights, especially patent rights, on environmental change have been discussed. The innovation and application of green technology, such as climate technology, is undoubtedly the right way to solve the problem of global fever. It is the fundamental means to improve, slow down and adapt to climate change. But in fact. Patent right not only stimulates all kinds of technological innovation, but also obstructs the diffusion of innovation achievements to some extent. The fact that climate technology spreads slowly, the application lags behind, and the problem of climate change is getting worse is worrisome. Constructing a green patent system to cope with climate change and accelerating the supply of green technology has become an important part of this climate action. First of all, starting from the severe situation of climate change, this paper makes a brief review on the relationship between the patent system and the response to climate change, and extracts the basic points of view on this issue at home and abroad. On the basis of this, the author puts forward the research value and thought of this paper. Secondly, from the angle of economic analysis, this paper analyzes the basic incentive function of patent system and its monopoly mechanism, reviews and reexamines the legitimate basis of patent right. Taking the development of climate technology in the past two decades as the empirical research object, this paper confirms the incentive effect of the current patent system on climate technology innovation under the relevant climate policy. But at the same time, it also points out the obstacles caused by patent monopoly in the diffusion and application of climate technology, and puts forward the necessity of establishing green patent system. Thirdly, this paper takes the relevant international treaties and the patent system of developed countries as the system normative analysis object, excerpts the Paris Convention. The TRIPs Agreement and other articles directly or indirectly related to environmental protection principles are interpreted in theory. This paper shares the experiences of the developed countries such as Europe and the United States in exploring the green patent system, and summarizes its shortcomings. Finally, this paper tries to put forward the concept of constructing China's green patent system, taking environmental protection as an important measurement standard, from the legislative purpose, patent object, examination procedure, patent application and management, relief. Rewards and other aspects have provided a set of greening programs.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D923.42;D922.68

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