我国农场动物福利立法探析

发布时间：2018-03-02 16:18

本文选题：动物福利　切入点：农场动物　出处：《中国政法大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 动物是人类生活环境的重要元素之一,尤其农场动物是我们重要的食物来源,尊重、爱护、善待动物,保障农场动物福利不仅关系人类的安全和健康,是伦理道德的要求,更是一个国家文明程度和社会进步的重要体现。农场动物福利立法也已成为当前世界多数国家立法体系中的重要组成部分,随着社会的发展和人类的进步,农场动物福利与人文精神,生态伦理,环境保护,公共卫生,国际贸易和公共道德建设等领域之间相互影响和制约的关系日益得到人们的重视,给予动物福利,合理保护动物的生存环境从而保障人类健康,这既是人类对于安全这一正义价值的呼唤,也是道德标准的提升。农场动物福利立法发展至今,世界上已有许多国家出台了相关法案,欧盟、美国、加拿大及许多东亚国家都已经规模化、系统化并取得了长足的发展,然而我国有关农场动物福利的相关立法明显缺失,这与在现实生活中要求保护与我们密切相关的农场动物的福利的客观需要相矛盾,但无论是以人类利益为基础的立法价值还是现代社会发展过程中表现出来的极其重要的现实意义都表明农场动物福利立法势在必行。我们要求农场动物福利立法绝非以主张动物与人平等的动物权利论为价值基础和伦理依据,动物的客体地位不能动摇,我们始终坚持立足于人类利益本身,与此同时合理地保护和利用动物并最终达到既体现人的情感和利益及人对动物的人文关怀,又保证对动物合理利用的目的。同样我们主张农场动物福利立法也绝非是对西方发达国家先进标准的照搬照抄,而是通过对我国现状的考察并进行中外对比,依托我国自古便具有的爱生、护生以及“天人合一”思想及经过改革开放30年来经济、社会全方位发展所积累的物质基础,跟随当前畜牧业集约化生产的发展趋势,进一步更新立法理念,遵循利益平衡、结合国情、分类处理的原则,有步骤有秩序的构建我国农场动物福利立法体系。而当前的阶段性任务即是在法律上对动物进行界定和分类、进一步明确和完善现有相关立法的立法目的、明确安全食品的标准、明确规定违反农场动物福利立法的法律责任,并在监管主体的建构上,通过明确职权和归并相关事业单位等方式实现专业化、科学化管理,同时,应该充分发挥民间组织的积极作用。
[Abstract]:The animal is one of the important elements of human living environment, especially the farm animal is our important food source, respect, love, treat the animal, protection of farm animal welfare is not only related to the safety and health of human beings, is the ethical requirements, is an important embodiment of national civilization and social progress of farm animal welfare legislation. Has become an important part of most countries in the world in the current legislative system, along with the social development and human progress, farm animal welfare and humanistic spirit, ecological ethics, environmental protection, public health, international trade and the construction of public morality and other fields of mutual influence and restrict relationship is to get people's attention, to animal welfare. Reasonable protection of animal living environment in order to protect human health, it is safe for the human value of justice calls, but also enhance the moral standard.
The development of farm animal welfare legislation so far, many countries in the world have introduced a related bill, the European Union, the United States, Canada and many East Asian countries have large-scale, systematic and has achieved great development, however, China's farm animal welfare legislation was missing, the objective needs and requirements of animal protection and we are closely related the farm in real life benefits contradiction, but it is shown the value of legislation in the interests of humanity based or modern society in the process of the development of the extremely important practical significance that it is imperative to farm animal welfare legislation. We asked the farm animal welfare legislation is not to advocate animal and animal rights for equality the value basis and ethical basis, animal object position can not be shaken, we always stick to the benefit of mankind itself, at the same time reasonably The conservation and utilization of animal and ultimately embodies the humanistic care for animal emotions and interests of the people and the people, and ensure the reasonable use of the same animal. We advocate farm animal welfare legislation is also not on the advanced standards of the western developed countries copy, but through the investigation on current situation of our country and comparative relying on China, since ancient times have love students, nursing students and the idea of "heaven" and after 30 years of reform and opening up the economy, the accumulation of material basis for the all-round development of the society, follow the development trend of current animal husbandry intensive production, further update legislative ideas, follow the balance of interests, combined with national conditions, classification the principle, construction steps in order for farm animal welfare legislation system in our country. And the current stage of the task is to define and classify the animal in the law, and further clarify the end Good legislative purpose of existing legislation, clear food safety standards, clearly defined legal responsibility in violation of farm animal welfare legislation, and in the construction of the regulatory body, through a clear mandate and merge related institutions and other ways to achieve professional, scientific management, at the same time, we should give full play to the positive role of non-governmental organizations.

【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68

【参考文献】