中国小煤矿环境保护法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 19:47

本文选题：小煤矿　切入点：环境保护　出处：《中国地质大学（北京）》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 我国能源“富煤、贫油、少气”的基本特点决定了煤炭在我国一次能源结构中的基础性地位,小煤矿作为煤炭产业一定发展阶段的产物,曾对中国经济发展起了积极作用。由于中国煤炭资源自身的赋存条件及我国所处的经济发展阶段,决定了小煤矿作为我国煤炭产业重要的组成部分具有历史必然性和长期性。同时不能否认的是小煤矿在其发展进程中存在很多问题,主要表现在对资源的破坏性开采、环境污染、生态破坏以及矿难频发等方面。对于那些合法的,具有资质和安全生产条件的小煤矿,如何能够使得他们在国民经济发展中发挥自己的积极作用同时降低其负面影响是一个值得研究的问题。本文分为五章。第一章是引言,我国煤炭资源的赋存条件及小煤矿在现阶段对国民经济发展的作用,决定了小煤矿存在的历史必然性和长期性。同时小煤矿引发的生态和环境问题相当突出,如何能更好地规范小煤矿的发展正是本文选题意义之所在;第二章是小煤矿环境问题概述,界定了小煤矿的定义,分析了小煤矿存在的制度根源,并对小煤矿开采所带来的环境问题(包括环境污染和生态破坏)进行了简要介绍;第三章是我国小煤矿环境保护法律制度的现状分析,从小煤矿环境保护的立法现状、管理现状出发,对影响小煤矿环保法律制度推行的原因进行了分析;第四章介绍了国外小煤矿的环境保护法制现状。美国、澳大利亚在小煤矿的管理方面已经有很多成熟的做法,坦桑尼亚、菲律宾、赞比亚一些发展中国家对于大矿和小矿分开管理、对于探矿权优先取得等制度对我国来讲也存在很多需要吸收借鉴的地方。在此基础上第五章结合我国实际情况,提出完善小煤矿环境保护法律制度的建议。本文的结论是:要解决小煤矿环境保护的问题,第一要完善相关法律法规,准确定位小煤矿的法律地位;第二要加快矿业权管理制度改革;第三要大力推进小煤矿循环经济,倡导绿色开采;第四要推行联合改造,促进小煤矿的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:China's energy rich coal, oil poor, the basic characteristics of less gas "determines the basic position of coal in primary energy structure in China, the small coal mine coal industry as a product of a certain stage of development, had to China economic development has played a positive role. The occurrence condition of coal resources and its China in China at the stage of economic development, decided the small coal mines as an important part of China's coal industry has the historical inevitability and the long term. At the same time, it is undeniable that the small coal mine has a lot of problems in the development process, the environmental pollution is mainly manifested in the destructive exploitation of resources, ecological destruction, and frequent mining accidents. For those who have legitimate, qualifications and conditions for safe production of small coal mines, how to make them play their active role in the development of national economy and reduce its negative influence is worth The question of research.
This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, the role of the occurrence conditions of coal resources in China and small coal mines in the development of the national economy at the present stage, determines the historical inevitability and the long-term existence of small coal mines. At the same time, the ecological and environmental problems caused by the small coal mine is quite prominent, how to better regulate the development of small coal mines this is where the significance of the topic; the second chapter is an overview of environmental problems of small coal mines, the definition of small coal mine, analyzes the root system of small coal mines exist, and environmental problems caused by mining of small coal mines (including environmental pollution and ecological destruction) are briefly introduced; the third chapter is the analysis of the present situation of law the system of China's small coal mine environmental protection, from the legislative status quo of coal mine environmental protection and management status quo, reasons of influencing the implementation of small coal mine environmental protection legal system is analyzed; the fourth chapter introduces the foreign small coal The environmental legal status of mine. The United States, Australia has a lot of mature practices in the management of small coal mines in Tanzania, Philippines, Zambia and some developing countries for large and small mine ore prospecting for separate management, priority access to such system in our country to say there are many places need to learn on the basis of fifth. Chapter, combined with China's actual situation, put forward to perfect the legal system of environmental protection of small coal mines.
The conclusion of this paper is to solve the small coal mine environmental protection, first to improve the relevant laws and regulations, the legal status of accurate positioning of small coal mines; second to speed up the mining rights management system reform; third to vigorously promote the circular economy of the small coal mines, to promote green mining; fourth to the implementation of the joint transformation, promote the sustainable development of small coal mines.

【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F426.21;D922.62;D922.68

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