我国政府环境责任的完善
发布时间:2018-03-13 05:11
本文选题:政府环境责任 切入点:第二性环境义务 出处:《昆明理工大学》2011年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:随着经济的快速发展,我国的环境问题越来越严重,并呈现出结构型、复合型、压缩型的特点。从2004年造成近百万群众饮用水中断26天、直接经济损失达3亿多元的那起震惊全国的“沱江重大水污染事件”,到2005年国家环保总局紧急叫停总投资达1179亿元“未环评先上马”的30个大型违规建设项目,以及2005年11月13日吉化爆炸引起的松花江重大环境污染事件,再到2006年由于政府行政不作为导致的甘肃徽县数百万群众血铅超标和湖南岳阳饮用水源砷超标两起重大环境事件,2008年阳宗海砷污染事件和2010年西南地区干旱问题等等。这些突出的环境问题为我国加强对生态环境的保护敲响了警钟,拉响了警笛。因为政府在环境保护中具有特殊的地位和完备的功能,再加上政府具有提供公共物品的职责和环境本身的公共物品性;况且到目前为止,还没有任何一个组织和个人能够独立于政府完成环境保护的使命,所以我国政府必须利用其法律赋予的职能,带着危机意识在全社会范围内,承担起保护环境的法律责任和使命。虽然我国政府也逐渐意识到自己具有保护环境的责任,并采取了一定措施减少污染,保护环境。但是,这些与国外的大多数国家比起来,我国政府在环境保护方面所做的工作还远远不够,还没有把自己摆在环境保护的主体地位上。再加上长期受传统思想的影响,一些政府部门还没有意识到目前的环境危机感和自己的责任感。而国外很多国家不仅意识到了政府环境法律责任的重要性,而且还对其做了比较详尽且有效的规定。为了更好的保护人类生存的环境,落实科学发展观,我们必须加强对政府环境法律责任的建设。 本论文通过对造成环境问题的原因和有效保护环境事项的深入分析,找出了解决环境问题和有效保护环境的主要责任人——政府。文章首先介绍了我国政府、政府环境责任的含义,并着重强调了文中政府环境责任是政府环境法律责任;其次阐述了我国有关政府环境责任的法律规定和当前的现状以及存在的问题;最后参考并借鉴国外政府环境责任(如美国、日本、俄罗斯等)中的精华,对我国政府环境法律责任的完善提出了几点建议。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the environmental problems in our country are becoming more and more serious, and they have the characteristics of structural, compound and compressed. From 2004, it caused the drinking water of nearly one million people to be cut off for 26 days. The "Tuojiang River Water pollution incident", which shocked the whole country with a direct economic loss of more than 300 million yuan, was urgently halted by the State Environmental Protection Administration in 2005 for 30 large-scale illegal construction projects with a total investment of 117.9 billion yuan "before environmental assessment." And the major environmental pollution incident in the Songhua River caused by the Jihua explosion on November 13th 2005, In 2006, due to the omission of government administration, millions of people in Huixian County, Gansu Province, exceeded the standard of blood lead, and the drinking water source of Yueyang, Hunan Province, was overrated by arsenic. The arsenic pollution incident in Yangzonghai on 2008 and drought in southwest China on 2010 occurred. And so on. These outstanding environmental problems have sounded the alarm for our country to strengthen the protection of the ecological environment. Because the government has a special position and a complete function in environmental protection, coupled with the government's duty to provide public goods and the public goods of the environment itself, and so far, No organization or individual can accomplish the mission of environmental protection independently of the government, so our government must take advantage of the functions assigned to it by law, with a sense of crisis in the whole society. Assume the legal responsibility and mission to protect the environment. Although our government has gradually realized that it has the responsibility to protect the environment, and has taken certain measures to reduce pollution and protect the environment. The work done by the Chinese government in the field of environmental protection is far from enough, and it has not placed itself in the main position of environmental protection. In addition, it has been influenced by traditional ideas for a long time. Some government departments have not yet realized the current sense of environmental crisis and their own sense of responsibility. And many foreign countries have not only realized the importance of government environmental legal responsibility, In order to better protect the environment of human existence and implement the scientific concept of development, we must strengthen the construction of the legal responsibility for the environment of the government. Through the deep analysis of the causes of environmental problems and the effective protection of the environment, this paper finds out the main responsible person for the solution of environmental problems and the effective protection of the environment-the government. The meaning of government environmental responsibility, and emphasize that the government environmental responsibility is the government environmental legal responsibility in this paper; secondly, it expounds the current situation and the existing problems of the government environmental responsibility in our country. Finally, referring to the essence of environmental responsibility of foreign governments (such as the United States, Japan, Russia, etc.), some suggestions are put forward to improve the environmental legal responsibility of our government.
【学位授予单位】:昆明理工大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2011
【分类号】:D922.68;D630
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 张礼;网络群体性事件政府治理的“稳定—关注”四分模式研究[D];电子科技大学;2013年
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