中国林业执法改革问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 14:22

本文选题：依法治国　切入点：生态建设　出处：《中共湖北省委党校》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：党和国家高度重视林业工作，颁布了一系列的林业行政、刑事及民事的法律、法规和规章。中国林业执法已经不是无法可依，基本上是有法可依的局面了。随着社会的变迁和科学技术的进步，人类的生活和社会需求不断的发展变化，因此，任何制度不可能永久的适应人类的生活和社会变化。国家的林业法律、法规和规章制度也是如此。前期专家们普遍认为，现阶段我国的林业执法中，存在着许多亟待解决的问题。这些问题，直接影响到林业部门的整体形象，影响到林业事业的可持续性发展。例如：“执法投入不足，执法权分散，执法监督不力”等等。这些问题是客观存在的，如何解决这些问题是我们面临的一道课题。 2003年，国家林业局在21个县级单位开展了林业执法试点工作；2005年又在全国27个省、自治区、直辖市推行改革。其目的就是为了要解决林业行政执法过程中，出现执行不力的问题。通过改革整合林业行政执法机构，统一行使林业行政执法权，规范林业行政执法行为，达到林业执法高效有力。在改革的过程中，各地均取得了许多好的工作成绩，但“执法投入不足，执法权分散，执法监督不力”尚未得到根本的解决。国家林业局，要求林业系统进一步的探索，解决执法工作中的实际问题。笔者认为，深入的宣传、贯彻和执行国家的林业法律、法规和规章是解决问题的前提条件；深入的开展林业综合执法研究，是解决林业执法乱、执法难，等执法问题的根本方法。本文中，笔者主要从三个方面进行了论述。首先，从国家林业执法存在的问题的及历史沿革入手，分析了国家现行的林业执法中存在的各种问题与挑战;其次，全面地分析了林业执法工作的现状，结合国家林业局推行林业综合行政执法的理论与实践，深入剖析了国家实行林业综合行政执法试点情况及产生问题的本质因素;最后，笔者对国家现阶段实行林业综合执法提出了一系列的构思。文章认为，国家需要采取组建林业孪生法人综合执法机构的治理模式，将林业综合执法机构的工作经费纳入财政全额预算，并设计对林业综合执法机构的人、财、物进行科学的引导、指挥、组织、协调和监督。
[Abstract]:The Party and the state attach great importance to forestry work and have promulgated a series of forestry administrative, criminal and civil laws, regulations and rules. Basically, there are laws to follow. With the changes of society and the progress of science and technology, human life and social needs are constantly developing and changing, so, It is impossible for any system to adapt to human life and social changes permanently. The same is true of the country's forestry laws, regulations and rules. Early experts generally believed that at the present stage in China's forestry law enforcement, There are many problems that need to be solved. These problems have a direct impact on the overall image of the forestry sector and on the sustainable development of forestry. These problems exist objectively. How to solve these problems is a problem we face. In 2003, the State Forestry Administration carried out pilot work on forestry law enforcement in 21 county-level units; in 2005, it carried out reforms in 27 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Through the reform and integration of forestry administrative law enforcement agencies, the unified exercise of forestry administrative law enforcement authority, the regulation of forestry administrative law enforcement behavior, to achieve forestry law enforcement efficiency and strength. In the process of reform, Many good achievements have been made in all localities, but "insufficient investment in law enforcement, dispersed enforcement powers and weak supervision of law enforcement" have not yet been fundamentally resolved. The State Forestry Administration has asked for further exploration of the forestry system. The author believes that thorough propaganda, implementation and enforcement of the country's forestry laws, regulations and rules are the prerequisites for solving the problem, and that further research on comprehensive forestry law enforcement is a solution to the disorder of forestry law enforcement. It is difficult to enforce the law, and so on the fundamental method of law enforcement problem. In this paper, the author mainly discusses from three aspects. Firstly, starting with the problems and historical evolution of the national forestry law enforcement, the author analyzes the existing problems and challenges in the current forestry law enforcement. This paper comprehensively analyzes the present situation of forestry law enforcement, combined with the theory and practice of the implementation of forestry comprehensive administrative law enforcement by the State Forestry Administration, deeply analyzes the pilot situation and the essential factors of the problems arising from the implementation of the comprehensive forestry administrative law enforcement by the State Administration of Forestry. The author puts forward a series of ideas for the implementation of comprehensive forestry law enforcement in the present stage of the country. The author thinks that the government should adopt the governance mode of setting up the comprehensive law enforcement agency of forestry twin legal person. The working expenses of forestry comprehensive law enforcement agencies are included in the full budget of finance, and the scientific guidance, command, organization, coordination and supervision of the personnel, property and property of forestry comprehensive law enforcement agencies are designed.
【学位授予单位】：中共湖北省委党校
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.63

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