农村环境污染监管的政府法律责任研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 13:05

本文选题：法律责任　切入点：政府　出处：《湖南大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 我国政府对农村环境监管的现状不是很乐观,导致我国农村环境污染问题越来越严重。目前,我国环境保护基本法对政府责任规定的不明确,主要在于政府环境责任在现实中缺乏操作性,无法对政府不履行相关义务追究法律责任,同时,政府环境权力成为没有限制的权力,权力的滥用现象严重,导致在总体上存在重政府环境权力轻政府环境责任,重政府环境主导轻公众环境参与,重对行政相对人的法律责任追究轻对政府的问责的缺陷。政府对农村环境监管在宪法和法律层面上有根据,宪法是我国的最根本的法,在根本上找到了支撑点,从而使得政府对环境监管有着不可推卸的责任,在法学理论基础上的公共需求的变化、人类的基本权利、权责一致和社会公平正义原理也说明政府是环境监管责任的主导,而且还明确政府法律责任从范围上划分为中央政府法律责任和地方政府法律责任,所以,政府应该肩负起这个重任,从行政不作为、监管不力和决策失误方面分析政府出现问题的原因,同时还分析政府承担农村环境污染法律责任的形式和情形,从而有针对性的采取行之有效的措施,主要在树立正确的绩效观,建立政府环境保护问责制；强化公众参与权；重构环境监管体系,建立垂直监管体系；违法责任的追究严格执行等方面。另外,还借鉴美国、日本等发达国家的先进管理经验,完善对农村环境监管的政府法律责任。从法律上明确规定政府责任的和在实践中落实具体的措施,把我国农村环境实现好、发展好和维护好,为经济社会发展营造良好的环境条件。
[Abstract]:Our government is not optimistic about the current situation of rural environmental supervision, which leads to more and more serious environmental pollution problems in rural areas. At present, the basic Law of Environmental Protection in our country does not clearly stipulate the responsibility of the government. The main reason lies in the lack of operation of government environmental responsibility in reality and the inability to investigate the legal responsibility for the government's failure to fulfill its related obligations. At the same time, government environmental power has become an unlimited power, and the abuse of power is serious. As a result, there is an overall emphasis on government environmental power over government environmental responsibility, and government environmental dominance over public environmental participation. Pay more attention to the legal responsibility of the administrative counterpart and neglect the defects of accountability to the government. The government has a foundation in the constitutional and legal aspects of rural environmental supervision. The Constitution is the most fundamental law in our country, and it has fundamentally found a supporting point. Therefore, the government has an unshirkable responsibility for environmental supervision. The change of public demand, the basic rights of human beings, the consistency of power and responsibility, and the principle of social equity and justice on the basis of legal theory also show that the government is the dominant responsibility of environmental supervision. Moreover, it is also clear that the legal responsibility of the government is divided into the legal responsibility of the central government and the legal responsibility of the local government in terms of scope. Therefore, the government should shoulder this heavy responsibility and refrain from administrative inaction. At the same time, it also analyzes the form and situation of the government's legal responsibility for environmental pollution in rural areas, so as to take effective measures. It mainly sets up the correct performance view, establishes the government environmental protection accountability system, strengthens the public participation right, reconstructs the environmental supervision system, establishes the vertical supervision system, investigates the illegal responsibility strictly, and so on. In addition, it also draws lessons from the United States. Japan and other developed countries have advanced management experience, perfect the government's legal responsibility for rural environmental supervision, clearly stipulate government responsibility and implement concrete measures in practice, and realize, develop and maintain the rural environment of our country well. Create favorable environmental conditions for economic and social development.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68

【引证文献】