论地方环境立法权的边界

发布时间：2018-03-27 17:41

本文选题：地方环境立法权　切入点：边界　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以地方环境立法权边界的概念为研究切入点,凝练地方环境立法权边界的特点,点明地方环境立法权边界的复杂性和模糊性。在2015年《中华人民共和国立法法》(以下简称“《立法法》”)赋予设区的市环境保护立法权的背景下,对赋予设区的市地方环境立法权的原因和意义进行分析,言明设区的市作为新一级地方环境立法权主体更应该对地方环境立法权的边界进行研究,这是实现地方环境良性治理的重要内容。本文主要由五个部分构成,绪论部分重点论述了本文的研究背景,意义以及国内外相关的研究动态。在全面推进依法治国的背景下,用制度保护生态环境已经成为环境保护的重要制度保障。在国内外有关研究的基础上,提出自己的见解,理清文章的写作思路。本文的以下几部分内容均是在绪论部分的基础上展开论述的。第一部分主要是对地方环境立法权边界有关概念的界定,简要概括了我国中央与地方环境立法权的分配情况,并对赋予设区的市地方环境立法权将对地方环境立法权边界产生的影响进行简要评析。第二部分提出地方环境立法权边界的现状及存在的问题。指出了在地方环境立法权边界不清的情形下,地方重复立法和宣示性立法普遍。以《广东省环境保护条例》第十九条单独表决条款为例,重点分析地方创新性立法对地方环境立法权边界可能带来的挑战,提出了地方环境创新性立法和合法性之间的艰难抉择。另外,各地方环境立法权主体之间事项不清也是地方环境立法权边界存在的问题。第三部分论述了地方环境权的边界存在问题的原因。本部分重点阐述了相关概念的法律内涵难以界定以及立法宜粗不宜细的思想使得“环境保护”“地方性事务”“为执行法律、行政法规的规定”等涉及地方环境立法权分配的法律术语难以界定其法律内涵,且造成地方环境立法中宣示性条款以及重复立法。在欠缺立法解释或实施细则的情况下,地方环境立法者难以确定其立法权的具体事项范围。再加之地方环境立法主体环境立法权的相似性的影响,地方环境立法难以追求合法性以外的更多立法价值选择。第四部分提出了相应的建议。树立明确、科学的立法原则,以减少地方环境立法中宣示性立法以及重复立法,使地方环境立法的价值导向多元化。在自然资源与环境保护整体性的基础上,理顺各地方环境立法权主体,尤其是省与设区的市的环境保护立法职权,并对涉及地方环境立法权分配的法律条文中的模糊性法律术语进行相关的立法解释,使其内容法定化、标准化是实现地方环境立法权规范行使,避免互相重叠、越界的有效措施。第五部分结语对文章的基本观点进行了总结和概括。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the concept of the boundary of local environmental legislative power is taken as the starting point, and the characteristics of the boundary of local environmental legislative power are condensed. Pointing out the complexity and ambiguity of the boundaries of the local environmental legislative power. In the context of the legislative power conferred on the municipalities by the Legislative Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the "Legislative Law") in 2015, This paper analyzes the reasons and significance of the local environmental legislative power given to the city that is divided into districts, and states that the city with a district as the subject of the new level of local environmental legislative power should study the boundary of the local environmental legislative power. This paper is composed of five parts, the introduction part focuses on the research background, significance and research trends at home and abroad. Under the background of promoting the rule of law in an all-round way, The protection of ecological environment by institution has become an important institutional guarantee for environmental protection. Based on the relevant research at home and abroad, the author puts forward his own opinions. The following parts are discussed on the basis of the introduction. The first part is the definition of the boundary of the local environmental legislative power. The distribution of environmental legislative power between the central and local governments in China is briefly summarized. The influence of the local environmental legislative power on the boundary of the local environmental legislative power is briefly evaluated. In the second part, the present situation and existing problems of the local environmental legislative power boundary are pointed out. Where the boundaries of the legislative power are unclear, Local repeated legislation and declarative legislation are common. Taking Article 19 of the regulations on Environmental Protection of Guangdong Province as an example, this paper focuses on the analysis of the challenges that local innovative legislation may bring to the boundary of local environmental legislative power. Proposed the difficult choice between the local environmental innovative legislation and the legitimacy. In addition, The ambiguity between the subjects of local environmental legislative power is also the problem of the boundary of local environmental legislative power. The third part discusses the reason of the boundary problem of local environmental power. The idea that it is difficult to define the connotation of the law and that the legislation should be rough and not detailed makes "environmental protection" and "local affairs" the execution of the law. It is difficult to define the legal connotation of the legal terms such as the provisions of administrative regulations concerning the distribution of local environmental legislative power, and it also results in declarative clauses and repeated legislation in local environmental legislation. In the absence of legislative interpretation or implementing rules, it is difficult to define their legal connotations. It is difficult for the local environmental legislator to determine the specific scope of its legislative power. In addition, the influence of the similarity of the environmental legislative power of the local environmental legislator, It is difficult for local environmental legislation to pursue more legislative value choices other than legality. The fourth part puts forward corresponding suggestions. Establishing clear and scientific legislative principles in order to reduce declarative legislation and repeated legislation in local environmental legislation. On the basis of the integrity of natural resources and environmental protection, we should straighten out the legislative functions and powers of various local environmental legislative powers, especially in provinces and municipalities that are divided into districts and provinces, so as to diversify the value orientation of local environmental legislation, and on the basis of the integrity of natural resources and environmental protection, In addition, the relevant legislative interpretation of fuzzy legal terms in the legal provisions concerning the distribution of local environmental legislative power is carried out in order to legalize its contents. Standardization is to realize the normative exercise of local environmental legislative power and to avoid overlapping with each other. The fifth part summarizes and generalizes the basic viewpoints of the article.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.68;D927

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