基于生物剽窃问题初探我国相关法律制度的完善

发布时间：2018-04-15 07:39

本文选题：生物剽窃 + 遗传资源　；参考：《兰州大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 二十一世纪是生物技术的世纪。生物技术的特点之一就是对遗传资源具有极大的依赖性,而我国在国土辽阔、海域宽广,自然条件复杂多样,历史悠久等因素的综合作用下,孕育了极其丰富的植物、动物和微生物物种,形成了极其繁复多彩的生态组合,进而造就了丰富多彩的生物多样性并成为全球12个生物多样性最为丰富的国家之一。正是因为遗传资源的富足和生物技术相对于发达国家较为落后,使我国长期成为生物剽窃的对象,承受着由生物剽窃带来的种种危害。因此,对我国而言,遏制生物剽窃刻不容缓。本文正是以此为出发点,探讨我国相关法律制度的完善问题。本文分为三个部分,第一部分生物剽窃的概述。笔者从现阶段较为成熟的生物剽窃的定义出发分析了生物剽窃的生物相关性和剽窃的内涵,并介绍了我国作为生物剽窃受害国的典型案例,从而直观的反映了生物剽窃对于我国的危害,进而引出遏制生物剽窃的必要性。第二部分遏制生物剽窃的法律途径及我国的立法现状。由于本文主要研究的是生物剽窃的相关法律问题的完善,故从第二部分开门见山的指出遏制生物剽窃的法律途径,即首先确立本国对于国内遗传资源的国家主权。其次,建立有效的遗传资源获取和惠益分享机制,其中包括相关知识产权方面的完善。通过对我国立法现状的分析,包括遗传资源的国家所有权规定不明确,遗传资源的获取和惠益分享的法律接近空白,相关知识产权法应完善的若干方面引出了第三部分。本文的侧重点是第三部分,其中尤以第三部分中建立关于遗传资源获取和惠益分享的专门法律为重中之重。通过对我国关于遗传资源和惠益分享的立法进程的研究以及他国关于遗传资源获取和惠益分享的立法模式的比较分析,得出最适合我国的立法模式,并深入讨论了立法中涉及的具体内容,包括立法目的、原则、适用范围、国家主管部门、事先知情同意、获取程序、共同商定条件、惠益分享等方面。最后,简单的探讨了与遗传资源有关的知识产权的完善和国际层面上的合作。
[Abstract]:The twenty-first Century is the century of biotechnology. One of the characteristics of biotechnology is the great dependence on Genetic Resources in our country has a vast land, sea area is vast, natural condition is complicated, the comprehensive effect of long history and other factors, has bred the extremely rich plant, animal and microbial species, forming the ecological combination extremely multicolored, thus lead to become rich and colorful biodiversity is one of the richest countries in the world's 12 biodiversity. It is because of the rich genetic resources and biological technology compared with developed countries is relatively backward, so long in our country become the object of biopiracy, bear the damage from the bio piracy. Therefore, for China, to curb biopiracy delay. This is the starting point, to perfect the relevant legal system in our country.
This paper is divided into three parts, the first part is an overview of biopiracy. The author from the stage of mature biopiracy definition connotation of biology of bio piracy and piracy, and introduces some typical cases in China as bio piracy victim, which reflects the concept of direct harm to China's bio piracy then, the necessity to curb biopiracy.
The legal way curb biopiracy and second part of the present legislation in our country. The main research of this paper is to improve the relevant legal problems of bio piracy, it is pointed out that the law from the way to curb biopiracy second section in one, firstly establish state sovereignty of our own genetic resources. Secondly, establish sharing mechanism and benefit access to genetic resources effectively, including the improvement of related intellectual property rights. Through the analysis of the status quo of China's legislation, including the genetic resources of the state ownership provisions is not clear, ABS law close to the blank of genetic resources, intellectual property law should improve several aspects leads to the third part.
The focus of this paper is the third part, especially in the third part in the establishment of access to genetic resources and benefit sharing special laws for priority among priorities. Through the research on the legislative process of genetic resources and benefit sharing in China and other countries on access to genetic resources and benefit sharing mode of legislation comparative analysis and the most suitable legislative model in China, and discusses the specific content related to legislation, including legislative purpose, principle, scope of application, the competent authorities of the state, prior informed consent, access procedures, agreed terms, benefit sharing and so on. Finally, a simple discussion about intellectual property and genetic resources and the improvement of international cooperation.

【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68

【引证文献】