论英国《气候变化法》及其对我国的启示

发布时间：2018-04-16 13:14

本文选题：气候变化法 + 碳预算　；参考：《上海大学学报(社会科学版)》2011年02期

【摘要】：英国于2008年率先颁布和实施了世界上第一部《气候变化法》,该法案确立了温室气体减排的中远期目标,规定了碳预算每五年计划,设立气候变化委员会,建立国内碳排放交易体系等,为其他国家制定本国气候变化法起到了示范作用。中国也面临发展经济、消除贫困和减缓温室气体排放的多重压力,应对气候变化的任务繁重。因此,有必要全面系统地考察英国《气候变化法》的出台背景,梳理、分析和提炼出其所遵循的基本原则与主要特征,指出我国现行立法和执法中存在的缺陷与不足。在参考和借鉴英国成熟经验和合理成分的基础上,为我国应对全球气候变暖问题提出法律对策。如尽快由全国人大或常委会出台中国《应对气候变化法;》根据该法的原则和精神,构建完善的应对气候变化法律体系;设立部级单位能源和气候变化委员会统一管理和部署全国节能减排工作;构建国内排放贸易体系,以应对全球气候变化的严峻挑战。
[Abstract]:Britain was the first to enact and implement the world's first Climate change Act in 2008, which sets medium- and long-term targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, establishes a carbon budget every five years and sets up a climate change commission.The establishment of domestic carbon trading system has played a role model for other countries to formulate their own climate change laws.China also faces multiple pressures to develop its economy, eradicate poverty and slow greenhouse gas emissions, and face a heavy task in tackling climate change.Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the background of British Climate change Law, analyze and refine its basic principles and main characteristics, and point out the defects and shortcomings in our country's current legislation and enforcement.On the basis of reference to the mature experience and reasonable elements of Britain, legal countermeasures are put forward for our country to deal with the problem of global warming.For example, China's Climate change Law should be promulgated by the NPC or the standing Committee as soon as possible, and a sound legal system to deal with climate change should be constructed according to the principles and spirit of the law.To set up a ministerial unit energy and climate change committee to manage and deploy national energy conservation and emission reduction; to build a domestic emissions trading system to meet the severe challenges of global climate change.
【作者单位】：上海外国语大学法学院;华东政法大学研究生教育院;
【基金】：上海外国语大学国际法学前沿问题研究项目(KX161015)
【分类号】：D922.68;D956.1

【共引文献】