中国大陆与台湾地区环评制度之比较:立法框架、行政执行和司法实践

发布时间：2018-04-18 09:37

本文选题：环评 + 环评法　；参考：《中国地质大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：环评被公认为环境风险规制的有效工具之一。对比中国大陆与台湾地区两地环评立法框架,可发现台湾地区有多项内容规范较为细密,但整体而言两地异中有同;环评审批实证数据显示两地环评文件审批通过率均居高不下,同样面临实质性公众参与不足等挑战;环评诉讼案例的对比则揭示了大陆较早地解决了台湾地区长期争论不休的环评审批可诉性和当地居民之原告资格问题,但针对涉及高度专业性判断之环评如何进行司法审查,台湾法官表现得远较大陆法官积极和能动,同时在台湾热烈讨论中的环评否决制存废问题在大陆并未引起相应关注。整体而言,中国大陆和台湾地区彼此参照互相借鉴有利于促进环评制度功能的发挥,并使环评更具实效。
[Abstract]:EIA is recognized as one of the effective tools of environmental risk regulation.By comparing the legislative framework of environmental impact assessment between mainland China and Taiwan, we can find that there are many detailed contents and norms in Taiwan, but there are similarities and differences between the two places as a whole.The empirical data of EIA examination and approval show that the approval pass rate of EIA documents in both places is high, and they also face the challenge of insufficient substantive public participation.The comparison of environmental impact assessment cases reveals that the mainland has resolved the long-debated issues of environmental impact assessment and approval of litigation and the plaintiff's qualification of local residents in Taiwan earlier, but how to conduct judicial review on the environmental impact assessment involving highly professional judgment.Taiwan judges are far more active and active than mainland judges, and the issue of environmental assessment veto system in the heated discussion in Taiwan has not aroused the corresponding concern in mainland China.As a whole, the mutual reference between mainland China and Taiwan is conducive to promoting the function of the EIA system and making the EIA more effective.
【作者单位】：北京大学国际法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“环境风险规制的行政法研究”(13BFX032)
【分类号】：D922.68

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