中国光污染防治立法研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 18:57

本文选题：光污染 + 光污染防治　；参考：《黑龙江大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 光像水和空气一样,是人类生存必不可少的元素。然而随着社会经济的飞速发展,光污染问题日益凸显。光污染会影响植物生长节律,导致植物错季节生长；会伤害昆虫和动物,使动物不分昼夜,影响动物的生物钟；会损害人类的身心健康,导致各种疾病和心理问题。另外,国家正在积极倡导低碳经济,光污染也会造成国家能源浪费。在自然科学方面,光和光污染研究已经有了丰硕的科学成果,但是在法律方面,光污染防治立法工作现在还尚未起步。我国目前尚未有光污染防治的单行法,宪法、民法通则、环境保护法中也没有具体提及光污染问题,致使我国光污染防治工作无法可循,光污染损害纠纷无法可依。要改变这种情况,使光污染防治工作步入法制化规范化的轨道,就要加强光污染防治立法,建立我国光污染防治立法制度。鉴于此,本文从国内外光污染防治立法现状着手进行理论综述；结合光污染的特点、危害和我国国情对光污染防治进行概述；以我国光污染防治诉讼现状、现行行政管理体制、立法现状及其缺陷为切入点,谈出我国光污染防治立法的必要性；借鉴国外先进光污染防治立法实践与经验,谈出对我国光污染防治立法的启示以及我国光污染防治立法的可行性；最后一章提出我国光污染防治的立法理念,提出制定我国光环境标准,并基于现实角度对立法模式的选择提出建议,建议完善光污染防治的基本法律原则和行政管理体制,建立健全环境监管体系提出我国光污染防治立法的创新制度,这也是本文的创新之处,最后建议制定严格的光污染法律责任。
[Abstract]:Light, like water and air, is an essential element for human survival. However, with the rapid development of social economy, the problem of light pollution has become increasingly prominent. Light pollution will affect plant growth rhythm, leading to plant growth out of season; will harm insects and animals, make animals day and night, affect the biological clock of animals; will damage the physical and mental health of human beings, leading to various diseases and psychological problems. In addition, the country is actively advocating a low-carbon economy, light pollution will also cause national energy waste. In the field of natural science, the research of light and light pollution has made a lot of scientific achievements, but in the legal aspect, the legislation of light pollution prevention has not yet started. At present, there is no single law of light pollution prevention in our country, constitution, general rule of civil law and environmental protection law have not specifically mentioned the problem of light pollution, which makes the prevention and control of light pollution in our country can not be followed, and the dispute of light pollution damage can not be followed. In order to change this situation and make the prevention and control of light pollution into the track of legalization, it is necessary to strengthen the legislation of light pollution prevention and control and establish the legislative system of light pollution prevention and control in our country. In view of this, this article starts from the domestic and foreign light pollution prevention legislation present situation to carry on the theory summary; unifies the light pollution characteristic, the harm and our country national condition carries on the summary to the light pollution prevention and control, according to our country light pollution prevention lawsuit present situation, the present administrative management system, This paper discusses the necessity of our country's light pollution prevention legislation, draws lessons from the foreign advanced light pollution prevention legislation practice and experience. The enlightenment to the legislation of light pollution prevention and the feasibility of the legislation of light pollution prevention in our country are discussed in the last chapter, the legislative idea of light pollution prevention and control in our country is put forward, and the standards of light environment of our country are proposed. On the basis of the reality, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the choice of legislative mode, and suggests to perfect the basic legal principles and administrative management system of light pollution prevention and control, and to establish and perfect the environmental supervision system to put forward the innovative system of light pollution prevention and control legislation in our country. This is also the innovation of this paper, and finally suggest the formulation of strict liability for light pollution.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.6

【引证文献】