环境民事纠纷行政处理制度的实证研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 18:39

本文选题：环境民事纠纷 + 行政处理　；参考：《中国政法大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文从实证角度出发,对中国政法大学污染受害者法律帮助中心进行调研并取得了相关资料,并对调研资料进行定性和定量分析,力图从中探究我国环境民事纠纷行政处理制度的真实现状。通过对调研取得的典型案例和统计数字的分析表明,出现环境民事纠纷后当事人一般都倾向于寻求行政机关予以解决,说明环境民事纠纷行政处理机制易于为我国民众接受。然而,调研数据同时显示,多数环境民事纠纷的行政处理结果却不能令人满意。环境民事纠纷与其它传统纠纷类型相比具有一定的特殊性,如双方当事人地位不平等、科技性强以及纠纷形成原因复杂等;而行政处理制度本身具有专业性、程序简单灵活和经济性等特点,这决定了其较其它纠纷解决方式更适于解决环境民事纠纷。对于影响我国环境民事纠纷行政处理制度未能发挥应有效用的原因,笔者进行了分析,认为:行政处理方式单一、污染证据收集困难、当事人力量悬殊、环保机构的公信力等是影响当事人自愿选择行政处理方式解决环境民事纠纷的原因,同时,影响当事人对纠纷处理结果信服的因素主要有纠纷处理机构的独立性地位、纠纷处理机构组成人员的专业性以及纠纷处理结果的法律效力问题。另外,高效、快捷的解决程序也是影响我国环境民事纠纷行政处理制度实施的重要因素。在对上述影响性因素进行论述过程中,本文结合了日本、韩国及我国台湾地区的相关经验进行分析。在从实践和理论两方面分析我国环境民事纠纷行政处理制度的现状和影响性因素的基础上,笔者对其完善提出以下建议:首先,制定我国环境民事纠纷处理制度专有法律或法规,明确整个机制的实体内容和运行程序,对环境纠纷行政处理制度的有效实施提供法律保障;其次,设立专门的环境民事纠纷行政处理机构,保证处理机构的独立性和中立性,以此达到处理结果的公正和权威;第三,环境民事纠纷行政处理制度与其它相关制度联系密切,还应该完善信访制度、公众参与制度、信息公开制度以及加重环境违法责任等相关配套制度,进一步为行政处理制度在解决环境民事纠纷中发挥应有作用提供保证。
[Abstract]:From the empirical point of view, this paper investigates the Center for legal Assistance of pollution victims of China University of political Science and Law, and obtains relevant data, and carries out qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data. This paper tries to explore the real situation of the administrative handling system of environmental civil disputes in China. Through the analysis of typical cases and statistics obtained by investigation and research, it is shown that the parties tend to seek solutions from administrative organs after the emergence of environmental civil disputes, indicating that the administrative handling mechanism of environmental civil disputes is easy to be accepted by the people in our country. However, the survey data also show that the administrative results of most environmental civil disputes are unsatisfactory. Compared with other traditional dispute types, environmental civil disputes have some particularities, such as the unequal status of both parties, strong science and technology, and complex causes of disputes, while the administrative handling system itself is professional. The advantages of simple and flexible procedure and economy determine that it is more suitable for solving environmental civil disputes than other dispute resolution methods. The author analyzes the reasons why the administrative treatment system of environmental civil disputes in China fails to play its due role. The author thinks that the administrative treatment method is single, the collection of pollution evidence is difficult, and the power of the parties is far from equal. The credibility of environmental protection agencies is the reason that affects the parties to choose the administrative way to solve the environmental civil disputes voluntarily. At the same time, the main factors that affect the parties' conviction to the outcome of dispute resolution are the independent status of the dispute handling institutions. The professional nature of the members of the dispute handling organization and the legal effect of the dispute settlement result. In addition, efficient and quick settlement procedure is also an important factor that affects the implementation of administrative handling system of environmental civil disputes in China. In the process of discussing the above influential factors, this paper analyzes the relevant experiences of Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. On the basis of analyzing the present situation and influencing factors of administrative handling system of environmental civil disputes in China from the aspects of practice and theory, the author puts forward the following suggestions for its perfection: first, Make the special laws or regulations of environmental civil dispute handling system in our country, clarify the substantive content and operation procedure of the whole mechanism, and provide legal guarantee for the effective implementation of the administrative handling system of environmental dispute; secondly, Establish a special administrative agency for handling environmental civil disputes to ensure the independence and neutrality of the handling institutions, so as to achieve justice and authority of the outcome; third, the administrative handling system of environmental civil disputes is closely related to other relevant systems, We should also improve the system of letters and visits, the system of public participation, the system of information disclosure and the related supporting systems, such as aggravating the responsibility for environmental violations, and further provide guarantees for the administrative handling system to play its due role in the settlement of environmental civil disputes.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D922.6

【引证文献】