我国核能安全立法研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 15:46

本文选题：核能安全 + 立法　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 当今世界,由于能源紧张,核能的开发利用已经成为我们社会经济发展的一个重要方面。但是核能的发展历史表明,核能的安全问题一直是人们极为关注的问题。中国在新的世纪,经济发展提速,能源消耗巨大,为解决能源对国外依存度过高的局面,满足经济社会发展对能源的需求,提出了大力发展核能的方针,从而,核能安全的有关问题也引起国人的关注。保障核能安全是一个系统性的工作,需要我们采取科技、教育、法律等有关手段,法律作为一种调整人与人之间关系的社会规范,具有其特殊的作用。加强对国外和国际的核能安全立法的研究,进而推动我国核能安全立法,对我国的核能安全的保障与我国环境保护法律体系的完善具有重要的理论与实践意义。核能是指原子结构发生变化时放出的能量,核能相对于传统能源来说是一种清洁能源。核能的开发利用历程包括军用与民用,其安全问题的表现主要在于核能利用过程中的核辐射以及核废料对环境的影响。国际核能安全立法包括禁止和限制核武器的国际条约、核事故应急安全管理的国际公约、管理放射性废物的国际公约以及国际核损害法律责任的公约。国外有关国家的核能安全立法已经较为完善。我国也非常重视核能安全立法,我国核能安全立法贯彻了“预防为主,安全第一”的立法方针,建立了较完备的核能安全监督管理体制,高度重视对放射性废物的安全管理,重视核能安全领域的国际合作。我国核能安全立法存在体系结构不完善的缺陷,我国《放射性污染防治法》和《能源法》征求意见稿也存在一些缺陷。对我国核能安全立法的完善,从立法应该坚持的原则、立法结构的完善以及修改《放射性污染防治法》和相关立法提出了具体建议,特别是加快制定一部《核安全法》或《核能基本法》对我国目前来说尤为必要和紧迫。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the development and utilization of nuclear energy has become an important aspect of our social and economic development because of the shortage of energy. But the development history of nuclear energy shows that the safety of nuclear energy has always been a problem of great concern for people. In the new century, the economic development of China is increasing and the energy consumption is huge, so as to solve the dependence of energy on foreign countries. In order to meet the demand of energy for economic and social development, the policy of energetically developing nuclear energy has been put forward, and the related issues of nuclear energy security have also aroused the concern of the Chinese people. The social norms have their special functions. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to strengthen the research on the foreign and international legislation of nuclear energy security, and to promote the legislation of nuclear energy security in our country, and to improve the security of nuclear energy in our country and the improvement of the legal system of environmental protection in China.
Nuclear energy refers to the energy released when the atomic structure changes. Nuclear energy is a kind of clean energy relative to the traditional energy. The development and utilization of nuclear energy includes military and civilian use. Its security problems are mainly due to nuclear radiation and the impact of nuclear waste on the environment. International nuclear safety legislation includes the prohibition of nuclear energy. International treaties on nuclear weapons, international conventions for emergency safety management of nuclear accidents, international conventions for the management of radioactive waste and the Convention on legal responsibility for international nuclear damage. The legislation on nuclear safety in foreign countries has been perfected. China also attaches great importance to the establishment of nuclear energy safety legislation. The legislation of nuclear safety in China has implemented the "prevention" The legislative policy of "Lord, safety first" has established a relatively complete supervision and management system for nuclear energy safety, attaches great importance to the safety management of radioactive waste and attaches great importance to international cooperation in the field of nuclear energy safety. There are some defects. It is necessary and urgent to improve the legislation of nuclear safety in China, from the principle that the legislation should be adhered to, the perfection of the legislative structure and the amendment of the law of the prevention and control of radioactive pollution and the relevant legislation, especially to speed up the formulation of a nuclear safety law or the basic law of nuclear energy.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：F426.61;D922.67

【引证文献】