生态旅游政策法规研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 02:31

本文选题：生态旅游 + 法律　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着人们生活水平的提高和环保意识的增强,生态旅游已被人们所接受,近几年来,生态旅游在我国也取得了一定的成就,但是由于起步比较晚,与旅游发达国家有一定的差距,尤其是在景区开发和管理方面,开发商往往只注重经济利益,采用传统的粗放型开发模式,再加之部分游客环保意识比较薄弱,造成景区生态环境大面积的污染和破坏。本文探讨了用法律手段约束并引导生态旅游向科学的方向发展,体现生态旅游的优越性,从而更好的保护自然资源及生态环境。本文系统分析了美国、日本、澳大利亚及肯尼亚等生态旅游发达国家先进的经验,尤其是美国国家公园管理体制及其法律保障体系、日本的自然公园管理体系、肯尼亚政府的科学引导及对社区居民的权利和利益保护等。全面论述了我国生态旅游的现状、优势及问题。最后,结合我国国情,提出应对措施,包括:制定旅游法,我国目前没有一部完整的旅游法来规范旅游业。立法时要权衡多方面的利益,不仅要约束和规范游客行为,同时也应该规范政府机关、旅游开发企业和社区居民的行为。除了法律的保障,国家还应制定财政、科学技术和对外合作优惠政策。旅游规划方面,我国政府应该借鉴美国、澳大利亚等发达国家的经验,结合各自然保护区规划与当地经济发展规划,制定以改善群众生活、实现保护当地环境和发展生态旅游经济为目标的生态旅游规划。社区居民参与方面,健全信息公开制度、完善生态补偿机制、建立政府与社区居民之间的沟通和协商机制。完善信息公开制度,确保行政的透明度和社区居民的知情权,以切实解决政府与公民之间信息不对称问题,增强公共政策的回应性。确保居民参与及补偿可以强化旅游业管理部门与其它地方主管机关之间、地方利益相关者之间的横向伙伴关系,以及与地方利益相关者之间的纵向伙伴关系。我国拥有着丰富的旅游资源,有着巨大的旅游开发潜力。生态旅游的发展不但推动了社会经济的发展,对于我国的资源保护也有着重要的现实意义。因此,我国应该加快相关立法,完善管理及社区居民参与保障体制,为生态旅游营造良好的发展环境,使其沿着法治道路健康发展。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standard and the enhancement of environmental protection consciousness, ecotourism has been accepted by people. In recent years, ecotourism has also made some achievements in our country, but it started relatively late. There is a certain gap with tourism developed countries, especially in the development and management of scenic spots, developers often only pay attention to economic interests, adopt the traditional extensive development model, and some tourists have a relatively weak sense of environmental protection. The ecological environment of scenic spot is polluted and destroyed in a large area. This paper discusses how to restrict and guide the development of ecotourism in the direction of science by legal means so as to embody the superiority of ecotourism so as to better protect natural resources and ecological environment. This paper systematically analyzes the advanced experiences of the developed ecotourism countries such as the United States, Japan, Australia and Kenya, especially the national park management system and its legal protection system in the United States, and the natural park management system in Japan. Kenya government's scientific guidance and protection of the rights and interests of community residents. This paper discusses the present situation, advantages and problems of ecotourism in China. Finally, according to the situation of our country, some countermeasures are put forward, including: to formulate the tourism law, China does not have a complete tourism law to regulate the tourism industry at present. When legislating, we should balance the interests of many aspects, not only to restrain and regulate the behavior of tourists, but also to regulate the behavior of government agencies, tourism development enterprises and community residents. In addition to the protection of the law, the state shall formulate preferential policies of finance, science and technology and foreign cooperation. In terms of tourism planning, the Chinese government should draw lessons from the experiences of developed countries such as the United States and Australia, and combine the plans of various nature reserves and local economic development to formulate plans to improve the lives of the masses. To achieve the goal of protecting the local environment and developing ecotourism economy. In the aspect of community residents' participation, we should perfect the information disclosure system, perfect the ecological compensation mechanism, and establish the communication and consultation mechanism between the government and the community residents. Improve the system of information disclosure, ensure the transparency of administration and the right to know of community residents, in order to effectively solve the problem of information asymmetry between the government and citizens, and enhance the responsiveness of public policies. Ensuring resident participation and compensation strengthens horizontal partnerships between tourism authorities and other local authorities, local stakeholders, and vertical partnerships with local stakeholders. China is rich in tourism resources and has great potential for tourism development. The development of ecotourism not only promotes the development of social economy, but also has important practical significance for the protection of resources in our country. Therefore, our country should speed up the relevant legislation, improve the management and community residents participation in the security system, create a good development environment for ecotourism, and make it develop healthily along the road of rule of law.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.6;D922.29;F592

【引证文献】