欧盟危险物质限制立法研究及启示

发布时间：2018-06-21 11:10

本文选题：危险物质 + 限制指令　；参考：《湖南大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 危险物质对人类健康和环境污染的损害是巨大的。通过立法限制危险物质已成为世界性的问题。为了有效保护人类健康和防止环境污染,发达国家对危险物质往往采取以预防为主的风险管理措施,并建立了一整套危险物质限制法规体系。尤以欧盟为甚。自1967年以来,欧盟为保护环境和人类健康,不断加快限制危险物质的立法进程,成效显著,也为构建欧盟REACH法规体系奠定了坚实的基础。欧盟危险物质限制法制比较健全,成为世界各国的样板。尽管我国也有《化学危险物品安全管理条例》、《新化学物质环境管理办法》等法律法规,但与欧盟相比而言,限制危险物质立法尚处于初级阶段。为完善我国危险物质限制法律体系,有必要深入研究欧盟危险物质限制立法。只有真正理性地研究欧盟有关危险物质限制的实体法和程序法,才能以之为借鉴,为完善我国危险物质限制法律体系献计献策。论文首先从欧理会67/548/EEC指令、欧理会76769/EEC指令和欧盟REACH法规的历史背景、主要内容和相互关系入手,进而分析总结了欧盟危险物质限制立法从“指令”向“法规”演进的条件、路径、过程和意义,并对欧盟REACH法规有关危险物质限制的相关规定进行了解读。其次,分实体法和程序法两部分对欧盟危险物质限制立法进行了深入研究,并在此基础上,提出了立法限制危险物质的宗旨、原则、限制制度,并界定了危险物质立法程序。最后,通过比较分析我国与欧盟有关危险物质限制在立法的量与质上的差别,在立法目的、立法原则和立法权限等方面的异同,就健全危险物质限制立法结构体系、明确立法和执法及监督权限划分、推进危险物质风险管理制度建设、实现危险物质限制立法的国际化与本土化的有机结合、建立并实施危险物质风险和危害信息披露制度等五个方面,提出了立法建议。
[Abstract]:The harm of dangerous substances to human health and environmental pollution is enormous. The adoption of legislation to limit hazardous substances has become a worldwide problem. In order to effectively protect human health and prevent environmental pollution, developed countries often take precautionary risk management measures, and set up a set of hazardous substances limitation laws and regulations system. Especially the European Union. Since 1967, in order to protect the environment and human health, the EU has been speeding up the legislative process of limiting hazardous substances, which has achieved remarkable results and laid a solid foundation for the construction of the EU reach legal system. The EU's legal system for limiting hazardous substances is relatively sound and has become a model for all countries in the world. Although there are some laws and regulations in China, such as the regulations on the Safety Management of Chemical dangerous substances and the measures for Environmental Management of New Chemical substances, the legislation on limiting hazardous substances is still in the primary stage compared with the European Union. In order to perfect the legal system of the limitation of hazardous substances in China, it is necessary to study the legislation of the restriction of hazardous substances in the European Union. Only by studying the substantive law and procedural law of the EU on the limitation of hazardous substances can we draw lessons from it and make suggestions for perfecting the legal system of the limitation of hazardous substances in our country. The paper begins with the historical background, main content and mutual relationship of the EEC Directive of 67 / 548 / EEC, the EEC Directive 76769 / EEC and the EU reach Regulation, and then analyzes and summarizes the conditions for the evolution of EU hazardous substance restriction legislation from "Directive" to "Regulation". The path, process and significance of the EU reach regulations on hazardous substances are interpreted. Secondly, in the two parts of substantive law and procedural law, the EU's legislation on the limitation of hazardous substances is studied in depth, and on this basis, the purpose, principles, restriction system and the legislative procedure of the limitation of hazardous substances are put forward. Finally, through the comparative analysis of the differences in the quantity and quality of the legislation between China and the European Union, and the similarities and differences between the legislative purposes, the legislative principles and the legislative competence, the legislative structure system for the limitation of hazardous substances is improved. Make clear the division of legislation, law enforcement and supervision authority, promote the construction of risk management system of hazardous substances, realize the organic combination of internationalization and localization of legislation on hazardous substances limitation, Five aspects of risk and information disclosure system of hazardous substances are established and implemented, and legislative suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D996.9;D922.6

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