民法视野下的取水权研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 05:23

本文选题：水权 + 取水权　；参考：《河北大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 水是生命之源。伴随着社会经济的迅速发展和人们生活水平的不断地提高,人类社会对水的数量与质量的要求越来越高。但是,由于自然和人为原因所致,我们面临着日趋严峻的水资源形势。因此,采取包括构建科学完备的水权体系在内的法律措施,切实保护和合理利用有限的水资源是国际社会和世界各国必须解决的一项重要课题。水权是一个“权利束”。取水权作为水权体系中的一项重要内容,是随着水权的产生、丰富和发展逐渐走入人们视野的,带有着鲜明的准物权属性和特征。纵观世界各国取水权制度设计,无论是英国的河岸权体系,美国的先占权,还是澳大利亚的混合水权体系等等,尽管各具特色,但无一不是以各自独特的水资源特点、地理特征和用水习惯等多种因素统筹考虑和综合权衡的结果。我国的取水权制度设计也不例外。基于民法的视野,所谓取水权,就是自然人、法人或其他组织依照法律规定或依法经过许可程序,以水资源的利用为目的,利用水利工程、机械提水设施等手段,直接从地下、江河、湖泊等水资源中取水的权利。构建一个主体多元、内容完整、客体明确、行使规范、流转顺畅的取水权制度,不仅可以合理分配水资源,规范水资源市场的良性运转,提高水资源的利用效率,而且有助于实现水资源的有效保护和可持续利用。为此,我国应坚持公平性、效率性、优先性等法律原则,充实取水权制度的法律规定,健全取水权的二级市场,发挥水价调控功能,逐步改革和完善我国的取水权制度体系。
[Abstract]:Water is the source of life. With the rapid development of social economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for the quantity and quality of water is becoming higher and higher in human society. However, due to natural and man-made reasons, we are faced with the increasingly severe water resources situation. Therefore, the adoption of a scientific and complete water right system is adopted. The legal measures to protect and make rational use of limited water resources is an important issue that must be solved by the international community and the rest of the world.
Water right is a "right bundle". As an important content of the water right system, the water right is an important part of the water right system. With the emergence of water right, the rich and the development gradually entered the people's field of vision. It has a distinct property and characteristics of quasi real right. The design of the water right system in all countries in the world, whether it is the bank rights system of the UK, the preemptive right of the United States, or the Australian big Leah's mixed water right system and so on, although it has its own characteristics, none of them are the result of the overall consideration and comprehensive balance of various factors, such as their unique characteristics of water resources, geographical features and water use habits, and the design of the water right system of our country is no exception.
Based on the vision of the civil law, the so-called water right is the right of natural persons, legal persons or other organizations to take water directly from the underground, river, lakes and other sources in accordance with the law or through the licensing procedure according to law, by means of water resources, using water conservancy projects and machinery extraction facilities. The clear object, the exercise of standard and the smooth circulation of water right system can not only distribute water resources reasonably, standardize the sound operation of water resources market, improve the efficiency of water resources utilization, but also help to realize the effective protection and sustainable utilization of water resources. Therefore, our country should adhere to the legal principles of fairness, efficiency, priority and so on. According to the law of water rights system, we should improve the two level market of water intake rights, give full play to the regulation function of water price, and gradually reform and improve the system of water intake right in China.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.66

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