我国防治外来物种入侵的立法研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 16:29

本文选题：环境法学 + 外来物种入侵　；参考：《石家庄经济学院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：外来物种入侵不仅损害生物多样性，破坏生态平衡，而且阻碍社会经济的可持续发展，甚至会对人的身体健康造成一定的影响。早在20世纪50年代，外来物种入侵的问题就已经引起了部分国家和地区的关注，1992年里约热内卢联合国环境与发展大会之后，外来物种入侵问题在全球范围内引起了广泛的关注，国际社会包括很多国家开始逐渐有计划的采取行动。这些国际行动推动了我国对外来物种入侵问题的认识，并逐渐促使我国在法律法规方面采取必要措施，但是，到目前为止，我国对防治外来物种的入侵还没有一套完善的立法体系，与国外立法发展迅速的国家相比，，法律制度的缺失，势必会造成防治外来物种入侵相关措施的不足。因此，本文通过研究国际公约等国际社会所取得的成果以及外国防治外来物种入侵的相关立法，分析我国能够借鉴的先进经验，构建我国防治外来物种入侵的法律体系，使防治外来物种入侵工作步入规范化、法制化的轨道。该论文主要包括以下内容： 1.阐述外来物种入侵的含义。结合国际公约的规定和国外的立法，首先，解释外来物种及外来入侵物种的法律含义；其次，分析外来物种入侵与生物入侵的关系和相关概念的区别，从基本和关键概念界定上保证防治外来物种入侵立法的严谨性。 2.提出对我国防治外来物种入侵立法理论的思考。分别从防治外来物种入侵立法的法理学理论基础、生态伦理学理论基础两个方面提出我国防治外来物种入侵立法的理论依据。 3.介绍及分析防治外来物种入侵的国际及国外立法发展状况及经验。首先介绍目前有关防治外来物种入侵的国际公约和其他国际组织的相关行动；其次，介绍欧盟及欧洲其他国家、美国、日本等国家的法律制度，分析这些国家在防治外来物种入侵立法方面所具有的特点及在相关法律制度方面所取得的显著成果。再次，总结国际及国外立法的经验教训，并提出这些立法与实践活动对我国防治外来物种入侵立法的启示。 4.通过借鉴国外的先进经验以及结合我国外来物种入侵造成的影响，对我国防治外来物种入侵立法的构建提出建议。具体从立法目的、法律原则、法律制度、行政监督管理体制、法律责任体系五个方面进行了分析。
[Abstract]:The invasion of alien species not only damages biodiversity and ecological balance, but also hinders the sustainable development of social economy, and even has a certain impact on human health. As early as the 1950s, the problem of alien species invasion has attracted the attention of some countries and regions. After the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, the problem of alien species invasion caused widespread concern in the world. The international community, including many countries, began to act in a gradual and planned manner. These international actions have contributed to our understanding of the problem of invasive alien species and have gradually prompted our country to take the necessary measures in terms of laws and regulations, but so far, There is not a perfect legislative system for the prevention of invasive alien species in our country. Compared with the countries with rapid development of foreign legislation, the lack of legal system will inevitably lead to the shortage of measures related to the prevention and treatment of invasive alien species. Therefore, by studying the achievements of the international community such as international conventions and the relevant legislation of foreign countries to prevent alien species invasion, this paper analyzes the advanced experience that our country can learn from, and constructs the legal system of preventing and controlling alien species invasion in our country. The prevention and treatment of invasive alien species into the standardized, legalized track. This paper mainly includes the following contents: 1. Expound the meaning of alien species invasion. Combined with the provisions of international conventions and foreign legislation, firstly, it explains the legal meaning of alien species and alien invasive species; secondly, it analyzes the relationship between alien species invasion and biological invasion and the difference of related concepts. The definition of basic and key concepts ensures the rigour of legislation against invasive alien species. 2. This paper puts forward some thoughts on the legislative theory of preventing and controlling alien species invasion in China. This paper puts forward the theoretical basis of preventing alien species invasion legislation in China from two aspects: the legal theoretical basis and the ecological ethics theoretical basis of the legislation on the prevention and control of alien species invasion. 3. This paper introduces and analyzes the status and experience of international and foreign legislation on the prevention and control of invasive alien species. First, introduce the current international conventions on the prevention and control of invasive alien species and related actions of other international organizations; secondly, introduce the legal systems of the European Union and other European countries, the United States, Japan and other countries. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the legislation on the prevention of invasive alien species in these countries and the remarkable achievements in the relevant legal systems. Thirdly, it summarizes the experience and lessons of international and foreign legislation, and puts forward the enlightenment of these legislation and practice to the legislation of preventing alien species invasion in China. 4. By drawing lessons from the advanced experience of foreign countries and combining the influence caused by alien species invasion in China, the paper puts forward some suggestions on the construction of legislation to prevent alien species invasion in China. It analyzes the legislative purpose, legal principle, legal system, administrative supervision and management system and legal responsibility system.
【学位授予单位】：石家庄经济学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.6

【参考文献】