生态效益补偿立法研究

发布时间：2018-09-03 09:36

【摘要】：随着环境问题的日益突出与人们环保意识的逐渐增强,生态质量、生态效益逐渐被人们所关注。而由于生态效益具有明显的外部性,生产者不能随意控制其生态产品,其价值又不能通过正常的市场交换得以体现,因此,从生态环境的保护和社会公平的角度出发,进行生态效益补偿是必然的选择。但是从我国目前的立法实践来看,对于生态效益补偿也仅是一些原则性的规定,没有形成真正意义上的生态效益补偿立法。这给我国的生态效益补偿法治工作带来了不利影响。从国外的情况来看,美国、德国、哥斯达黎加与日本都结合本国国情进行了生态效益补偿立法,取得了定的成效。这些为我国进行生态效益补偿立法提供了借鉴。可喜的是,最近几年国内专家学者开始关注生态效益补偿,并且取得了一定的成效。这些都为我国的生态效益补偿立法提供了很好的基础。笔者也正是在研究近几年生态效益补偿发展的基础上,对我国生态效益补偿立法提出自己的建议。本文共分五部分,分别是绪论、生态效益补偿立法的理论基础、生态效益补偿立法的实践基础、生态效益补偿立法建议与结语。绪论部分主要分为课题的来源、研究的目的、主要内容三部分内容,引出本文要研究的内容。生态效益补偿立法的理论基础主要是从生态效益补偿的基本概念出发,对生态效益、生态效益补偿、生态效益补偿制度概念进行解释,然后从生态学、法学、经济学的角度对生态效益补偿制度建立的合理性进行了阐述,并对生态效益补偿制度法律关系进行了介绍。生态效益补偿立法的实践基础主要是从国外的生态效益补偿的立法实践出发,特别是对美国、德国、哥斯达黎加、日本的生态效益补偿立法进行了介绍,从而给我国的生态效益补偿立法予以启示,并介绍了我国这几年在生态效益补偿立法方面的实践。包括国家层面的立法实践与地方层面的立法实践。生态效益补偿立法建议主要是从我国生态效益补偿立法存在的结构不健全与内容不完整的缺陷出发,针对存在的缺陷而提出自己的立法建议。一是要构建我国的生态效益补偿法,二是要对其他的相关法律制度提出相应的修改建议,从而构建起适应我国生态效益补偿的法律体系。结语部分主要是对根据生态效益补偿立法的建议,然后进行了展望,希望能早日构建起我国的生态效益补偿法律体系。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent environmental problems and the gradual enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection, ecological quality and ecological benefits have been paid more and more attention. Because the ecological benefit has obvious externality, the producer can't control its ecological products at will, and its value can not be reflected through the normal market exchange. Therefore, from the angle of ecological environment protection and social equity, Ecological benefit compensation is an inevitable choice. However, from the current legislative practice in our country, the compensation for ecological benefits is only a matter of principle, and there is no real legislation on the compensation of ecological benefits. This to our country ecological benefit compensates the rule of law work to bring the unfavorable influence. From the foreign situation, the United States, Germany, Costa Rica and Japan have carried out ecological benefit compensation legislation combined with their own national conditions, and achieved certain results. These provide a reference for our country to carry on the ecological benefit compensation legislation. Fortunately, in recent years, domestic experts and scholars began to pay attention to ecological benefits compensation, and achieved certain results. All these provide a good foundation for the legislation of ecological benefit compensation in our country. On the basis of studying the development of ecological benefit compensation in recent years, the author puts forward some suggestions on the legislation of ecological benefit compensation in our country. This paper is divided into five parts: introduction, theoretical basis of ecological benefit compensation legislation, practical basis of ecological benefit compensation legislation, suggestions and conclusion of ecological benefit compensation legislation. The introduction part is mainly divided into the source of the subject, the purpose of the research, the main content of three parts, leading to the content of this paper. The theoretical basis of ecological benefit compensation legislation is to explain the concept of ecological benefit and ecological benefit compensation system from the basic concept of ecological benefit compensation, and then from ecology, jurisprudence, This paper expounds the rationality of the establishment of ecological benefit compensation system from the angle of economics, and introduces the legal relationship of ecological benefit compensation system. The practical basis of ecological benefit compensation legislation is mainly based on the foreign ecological benefit compensation legislation practice, especially the introduction of the ecological benefit compensation legislation of the United States, Germany, Costa Rica and Japan. It also introduces the practice of ecological benefit compensation legislation in our country in recent years. It includes the legislative practice at the national level and the legislative practice at the local level. The legislative suggestion of ecological benefit compensation is mainly based on the defects of imperfect structure and incomplete content in the legislation of ecological benefit compensation in our country, and puts forward its own legislative suggestions in view of the defects existing in the legislation. The first is to construct the ecological benefit compensation law of our country, the second is to put forward the corresponding revision suggestion to other related legal system, thus to construct the legal system which adapts to our country ecological benefit compensation. The conclusion part is mainly about the suggestion of the legislation of ecological benefit compensation, and then carries on the prospect, hoping to construct our country's ecological benefit compensation legal system as soon as possible.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.6;F326.2

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