山西农村水污染防治法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 14:24

【摘要】：当前水资源问题已成为世界瞩目的重大课题。水资源与能源一样，属于国民经济的基础结构要素，与国民经济发展和城乡人民生活息息相关。据联合国统计显示，在全世界60多亿人口中，约有4.6亿人生活在用水高度紧张的国家和地区，有四份之一的人口生活在用水紧张的国家和地区。我国属于水资源缺乏的国家，山西更是一个水资源非常缺乏的省份，缺水一直是制约山西经济发展的一个重要因素。长期以来，山西省依托煤炭资源优势形成了以煤炭、电力、焦化、冶金、机械为主的能源重工业格局，经济结构严重不合理，能耗高、污染重的项目较多，给山西的水污染防治带来巨大压力，加之对于城市工业经济的偏重，对于农业、农村经济的可持续发展关注度不够，导致山西农村水污染状况日趋严重，直接影响了农村的经济发展和居民的饮水安全，所以治理农村水污染问题刻不容缓。本文正是从山西农村水污染的现状出发，说明了水资源对于山西经济发展的重要意义，阐明了农村水污染的概念和内涵，深入分析和总结了山西省农村水污染的成因及我国现有的农村水污染防治法律规范体系，并结合国外关于农村水污染防治的立法经验，针对性地研究了山西省农村水污染防治立法的现状及不足，论述了关于完善农村水污染防治法律体系的必要性和重要意义。最后本文从山西省实施转型跨越发展及可持续发展的战略视角出发，提出了一些防治山西省农村水污染问题的法律对策和措施，，借此希望能够逐步完善农村水污染防治的法律制度，加强对乡镇工业、矿产开采、农业生产等农村水污染重点领域的专门立法规范，进一步强化和完善农村水污染防治的行政监管措施，提高农村农民的环境保护法律意识，促进山西转型跨越发展和绿色、可持续发展。
[Abstract]:At present, water resources problem has become a major issue in the world. Water resources, like energy, belong to the basic structural elements of the national economy and are closely related to the development of the national economy and the life of urban and rural people. According to United Nations statistics, out of more than 6 billion people in the world, about 460 million people live in countries and regions with high water stress, and one in four people live in countries and regions with water stress. Our country belongs to the country of lacking water resources, and Shanxi is a province which is very short of water resources. Water shortage has been an important factor restricting the economic development of Shanxi. For a long time, Shanxi Province has formed a pattern of energy heavy industry with coal, electricity, coking, metallurgy and machinery as the main source of energy. The economic structure is seriously unreasonable, the energy consumption is high and the pollution is heavy. It brings great pressure to water pollution prevention and control in Shanxi, plus the emphasis on the urban industrial economy, and the insufficient attention to the sustainable development of agriculture and rural economy, which leads to the serious water pollution situation in rural areas of Shanxi Province. Directly affected the rural economic development and drinking water safety, so the problem of water pollution in rural areas is urgent. Based on the current situation of rural water pollution in Shanxi Province, this paper explains the importance of water resources to the economic development of Shanxi, and clarifies the concept and connotation of rural water pollution. This paper analyzes and summarizes the causes of rural water pollution in Shanxi Province and the existing legal standard system of rural water pollution prevention and control in our country, and combines the legislative experience of foreign countries on rural water pollution prevention and control. This paper studies the present situation and deficiency of rural water pollution prevention legislation in Shanxi Province, and discusses the necessity and significance of perfecting the rural water pollution prevention and control legal system. Finally, from the strategic perspective of implementing transformation and leaping development and sustainable development in Shanxi Province, this paper puts forward some legal countermeasures and measures to prevent and cure rural water pollution in Shanxi Province. In this way, it is hoped that the legal system for the prevention and control of water pollution in rural areas will be gradually improved, and special legislative norms in the key areas of rural water pollution, such as township industries, mineral mining, and agricultural production, will be strengthened. Further strengthen and perfect the administrative supervision measures of rural water pollution prevention and control, improve the rural farmers' legal consciousness of environmental protection, and promote the transformation of Shanxi Province to leapfrog development and green, sustainable development.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：X52;D922.6

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