我国矿区地下水资源的法律保护

发布时间：2018-10-25 15:48

【摘要】：矿区地下水在保障矿区居民生活用水、支持矿区经济发展和维持生态平衡等方面发挥着重要作用。矿山开采不仅会对矿区地下水及流经水域造成严重损耗和污染,影响矿区居民的生产和生活用水；而且长期过量的矿山开采和对矿区地下含水层的消耗将会严重破坏矿区耕地,加快土地的沙化,导致生态环境的恶化。矿业开发的经济利益和矿区生态利益之间矛盾尖锐。与此同时,我国关于矿区地下水资源保护的法律规定较少,矿山企业在开发过程中难以做到有法可依,而执法部门又执法不严,企业的环境保护法律责任只能流于形式。加之矿业开发者的环境保护意识薄弱,企业生产技术落后,矿区生态环境的治理资金难以按时并足额到位,最终导致矿区环境的污染越来越严重。实践证明,与地下水污染的事后治理相比,地下水污染的事先预防要容易得多。因此,对矿区地下水资源的破坏情况进行深入研究不仅对矿区的生态环境的治理和矿区的安全生产有重要的指导意义,对建设和谐社会也具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文在可持续发展理念的指导下,以我国矿区地下水污染现状为切入点,在分析我国地下水资源法律保护的基础上,借鉴国外地下水资源法律保护的有益经验,着重从矿产开发前的预防、矿产开发中的监管和矿产开发后的治理三个方面对完善我国矿区地下水资源的法律保护提出合理建议。
[Abstract]:Underground water plays an important role in protecting residents' living water, supporting economic development and maintaining ecological balance in mining area. Mining will not only cause serious loss and pollution to underground water and water flowing through the mining area, but also will seriously damage the cultivated land in mining area, and will affect the production and domestic water use of the residents of the mining area, and the long-term excessive mining and consumption of underground aquifer in the mining area will seriously destroy the cultivated land in the mining area. Accelerate the desertification of the land, leading to the deterioration of the ecological environment. There is a sharp contradiction between the economic benefits of mining development and the ecological interests of mining areas. At the same time, there are few laws and regulations on the protection of underground water resources in mining areas in our country, and it is difficult for mining enterprises to follow the law in the process of development, and the law enforcement departments are not strict, so the legal responsibility for environmental protection of enterprises can only be a mere formality. In addition, the environmental protection consciousness of mining developers is weak, the production technology of enterprises is backward, and the ecological environment management funds in mining areas are difficult to be paid on time and in full, resulting in more and more serious environmental pollution in mining areas. Practice shows that it is much easier to prevent groundwater pollution in advance than after treatment of groundwater pollution. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the damage of underground water resources in mining area not only for the management of ecological environment in mining area and for the safe production of mining area, but also for the construction of harmonious society. Under the guidance of the concept of sustainable development, taking the present situation of groundwater pollution in mining areas in China as the breakthrough point, and on the basis of analyzing the legal protection of groundwater resources in China, this paper draws lessons from the beneficial experiences of foreign countries in the legal protection of groundwater resources. This paper puts forward some reasonable suggestions on perfecting the legal protection of underground water resources in mining areas in China from the following three aspects: prevention before mineral exploitation supervision in mineral exploitation and management after mineral exploitation.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.66

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