对我国水污染防治的立法思考
发布时间：2018-12-29 18:16
【摘要】： 水是人类赖以生存和发展的不可替代的自然资源,一切生命都离不开水。水资源是经济发展、社会稳定和人民生活不可缺少、不可替代的重要物质,是经济社会可持续发展的重要保障。当今世界,随着科学技术的突飞猛进,社会经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,人们对水的数量与质量的要求愈来愈高。水资源的过度开发利用导致水资源危机不断加剧,水污染不断严重,人类的生存环境质量不断下降。 水资源保护是近年来学界重点关注的课题之一。我国是一个水资源短缺的国家,水资源人均占有量低,分布极不均衡,供需矛盾也日益加剧,严重威胁着社会的可持续发展。在我国社会主义市场经济快速发展的情况下,水资源的短缺和污染问题日益加剧,合理开发、有效利用、严格保护水资源是一项刻不容缓的任务。当前,在我国经济快速发展时期,水资源作为一种基础的自然资源,只有实现可持续利用,才能实现整个经济社会的可持续发展。文章对水资源保护立法进行探索和研究,期望能为水资源法制建构方面研究做出些许贡献。 本文共有五章内容组成。第一章引言部分主要介绍了选题依据及研究目的内容;第二章从我国水污染的现状出发,强调水污染防治立法的重要性;第三章对比了我国与美国、日本、英国和法国的水污染防治立法发展状况,以及从中得到的启示;第四章提出我国水污染防治立法中存在的问题。第五章是本文的中心内容,提出完善我国水污染防治立法的建议,主要包括建立以流域管理为核心的管理体制,提高水资源利用率,强化监管,加强应急立法,完善排污权交易制度等,为实现水资源的可持续利用提供可靠的法律保障。 总之,中国水资源法律保护制度,要在立足我国实际情况的基础上,探索出一条适合我国国情的切实可行的法治化的道路,建立具有中国特色的水法保护体系。只有从法律层面探索水资源可持续利用的法律制度,才能最终实现社会经济、资源和环境的协调发展。
[Abstract]:Water is an irreplaceable natural resource for human survival and development, all life can not be separated from water. Water resource is an indispensable and irreplaceable material for economic development, social stability and people's life. It is also an important guarantee for sustainable economic and social development. In today's world, with the rapid development of science and technology, the rapid development of social economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for water quantity and quality is getting higher and higher. The over-exploitation and utilization of water resources lead to the worsening of water resources crisis, the serious water pollution and the declining quality of human living environment. The protection of water resources is one of the most important topics in the academic circle in recent years. China is a country short of water resources. The per capita water resource is low, the distribution is very uneven, and the contradiction between supply and demand is becoming more and more serious, which seriously threatens the sustainable development of society. With the rapid development of socialist market economy in China, the shortage and pollution of water resources are becoming more and more serious. It is an urgent task to develop rationally, utilize effectively and protect water resources strictly. At present, in the period of rapid economic development in China, water resources, as a kind of basic natural resources, can realize the sustainable development of the whole economy and society only when the sustainable utilization is realized. This paper explores and studies the legislation of water resources protection, hoping to make some contributions to the research on the construction of water resources legal system. There are five chapters in this paper. The first chapter introduces the basis of the topic and the purpose of the research, the second chapter emphasizes the importance of the legislation of water pollution prevention and control from the current situation of water pollution in China. The third chapter compares the development of water pollution control legislation between our country and the United States, Japan, Britain and France, and the enlightenment from it, and the fourth chapter points out the problems existing in the legislation of water pollution control in our country. The fifth chapter is the central content of this paper, and puts forward some suggestions to improve the legislation of water pollution prevention and control in China, including establishing a management system with watershed management as the core, improving the utilization rate of water resources, strengthening supervision and strengthening emergency legislation. Improve the emission trading system and provide reliable legal protection for the sustainable use of water resources. In a word, on the basis of the actual situation of our country, the legal protection system of water resources in China should find a feasible way to rule by law, which is suitable for our national conditions, and establish a water law protection system with Chinese characteristics. Only by exploring the legal system of sustainable utilization of water resources from the legal level, can the harmonious development of social economy, resources and environment be realized finally.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68
本文编号：2395199
[Abstract]:Water is an irreplaceable natural resource for human survival and development, all life can not be separated from water. Water resource is an indispensable and irreplaceable material for economic development, social stability and people's life. It is also an important guarantee for sustainable economic and social development. In today's world, with the rapid development of science and technology, the rapid development of social economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the demand for water quantity and quality is getting higher and higher. The over-exploitation and utilization of water resources lead to the worsening of water resources crisis, the serious water pollution and the declining quality of human living environment. The protection of water resources is one of the most important topics in the academic circle in recent years. China is a country short of water resources. The per capita water resource is low, the distribution is very uneven, and the contradiction between supply and demand is becoming more and more serious, which seriously threatens the sustainable development of society. With the rapid development of socialist market economy in China, the shortage and pollution of water resources are becoming more and more serious. It is an urgent task to develop rationally, utilize effectively and protect water resources strictly. At present, in the period of rapid economic development in China, water resources, as a kind of basic natural resources, can realize the sustainable development of the whole economy and society only when the sustainable utilization is realized. This paper explores and studies the legislation of water resources protection, hoping to make some contributions to the research on the construction of water resources legal system. There are five chapters in this paper. The first chapter introduces the basis of the topic and the purpose of the research, the second chapter emphasizes the importance of the legislation of water pollution prevention and control from the current situation of water pollution in China. The third chapter compares the development of water pollution control legislation between our country and the United States, Japan, Britain and France, and the enlightenment from it, and the fourth chapter points out the problems existing in the legislation of water pollution control in our country. The fifth chapter is the central content of this paper, and puts forward some suggestions to improve the legislation of water pollution prevention and control in China, including establishing a management system with watershed management as the core, improving the utilization rate of water resources, strengthening supervision and strengthening emergency legislation. Improve the emission trading system and provide reliable legal protection for the sustainable use of water resources. In a word, on the basis of the actual situation of our country, the legal protection system of water resources in China should find a feasible way to rule by law, which is suitable for our national conditions, and establish a water law protection system with Chinese characteristics. Only by exploring the legal system of sustainable utilization of water resources from the legal level, can the harmonious development of social economy, resources and environment be realized finally.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D922.68
【引证文献】
相关会议论文 前1条
1 卢俊辉;王世进;;论我国流域水生态安全的法律保障——以风险防范为视角[A];生态安全与环境风险防范法治建设——2011年全国环境资源法学研讨会（年会）论文集（第二册）[C];2011年
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 朱雯;流域水污染防治法中的制衡原则[D];中国海洋大学;2011年
2 宋莹;水污染防治中的政府责任研究[D];浙江农林大学;2011年
，本文编号：2395199
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/falvlunwen/huanjingziyuanfa/2395199.html
