我国生态法律问题研究

发布时间：2019-06-03 14:36

【摘要】：面对日益严峻的生态环境问题,我国现有的生态环境法律在应对新出现的生态环境问题时表现出诸多不足,因此,要走出生态困境,改善和恢复生态环境,亟需完善我国现行的环境法律体系。本文从对生态环境的界定以及对我国面临的生态困境切入,通过分析对我国生态环境的法律保护,结合生态法的基本理论,全面解析我国的生态法律制度和生态法律体系,在此基础之上提出可行性建议。本文的第一部分通过对生态和环境两个独立的概念引出生态环境这一概念的界定,进而结合我国面临的生态环境问题,对我国生态环境的法律保护做了详细的阐述。纵观我国的生态环境法制建设之路,生态环境的保护工作在一定时期内确实取得了一定的成果,但是随着人类社会的发展和环境问题多样性的凸显,我国现行的环境保护法俨然无法适应我国当今生态环境保护的要求。这就为我们的生态法制建设工作提出了新的挑战。第二部分主要是阐述了生态法的基本理论,以便为下文分析生态法的相关内容提供客观详实的依据。从分析生态法产生的生态学基础入手,明确生态法的着重点在于对生态系统整体性的保护,进而分析生态法区别于其他环境法律的特殊之处,即生态法的法律关系关注的是人与自然的关系,生态法的指导思想是生态本位主义思想,生态法的基本原则体现的是生态利益。这些生态法的特殊之处其实强调的是人类利益与生态利益的互惠共存和均衡发展,而不是为了追求经济利益去牺牲生态利益。可见,在当今的生态文明社会,生态法才是保证生态环境与经济社会共同发展的不二之选。第三部分结合社会和生态环境对法律制度的需求,对我国现行的环境法律制度进行了深层次的剖析,从生态环境保护与经济发展的关系、生态环境保护的市场机制、现行环境法律制度的结构以及内容的全面性等方面分析其存在的问题,在此基础之上,结合我国的实际情况,对生态法律制度的完善提出了相关建议,以助于我国生态法律体系的创新和完善之路能够走的更加顺畅。文章的最后一部分是我国生态法律体系的嬗变之路。在这一部分当中,笔者认为首要的问题是解决生态法在我国法律体系中的定位,只有这样才能从根本上解决我国生态法律体系的相关问题。生态法作为一个独立的法律部门,不论是从其指导思想还是内容等各个方面来看,其完全可以作为一部综合性的生态环境保护基本法来统领生态环境法律体系中的其他环境法律法规。该部分通过分析生态法体系的基本构成以及对我国现行环境法体系的质疑,总结出了我国生态法律体系的嬗变之路。
[Abstract]:In the face of increasingly serious ecological environment problems, the existing ecological environment laws in our country show many shortcomings in dealing with the new ecological environment problems. Therefore, we should get out of the ecological predicament and improve and restore the ecological environment. It is urgent to improve the current environmental legal system of our country. From the definition of ecological environment and the ecological predicament faced by our country, this paper analyzes the ecological legal system and ecological legal system of our country by analyzing the legal protection of ecological environment in our country and combining with the basic theory of ecological law. On this basis, the feasible suggestions are put forward. In the first part of this paper, the concept of ecological environment is defined by two independent concepts of ecology and environment, and then the legal protection of ecological environment in China is expounded in detail in combination with the ecological environment problems faced by our country. Throughout the road of legal construction of ecological environment in our country, the protection of ecological environment has indeed achieved certain results in a certain period of time, but with the development of human society and the prominence of the diversity of environmental problems, The current environmental protection law in our country can not meet the requirements of ecological environment protection in our country. This puts forward new challenges for our work of ecological legal system construction. The second part mainly expounds the basic theory of ecological law, in order to provide an objective and detailed basis for the following analysis of the relevant contents of ecological law. Based on the analysis of the ecological basis of ecological law, it is clear that the focus of ecological law lies in the protection of ecosystem integrity, and then analyzes the special features of ecological law different from other environmental laws. That is to say, the legal relationship of ecological law pays attention to the relationship between man and nature, the guiding ideology of ecological law is the thought of ecological standard, and the basic principle of ecological law embodies ecological interests. In fact, the special features of these ecological laws emphasize the mutually beneficial coexistence and balanced development of human interests and ecological interests, rather than sacrificing ecological interests in order to pursue economic interests. It can be seen that in today's ecological civilization society, ecological law is the right choice to ensure the common development of ecological environment and economy and society. The third part analyzes the current environmental legal system of our country according to the demand of society and ecological environment for legal system, from the relationship between ecological environment protection and economic development, and the market mechanism of ecological environment protection. This paper analyzes the existing problems in the structure and content of the current environmental legal system, and on this basis, combined with the actual situation of our country, puts forward some relevant suggestions for the improvement of the ecological legal system. In order to help our country's ecological legal system innovation and improvement of the road can go more smoothly. The last part of the article is the evolution of the ecological legal system in China. In this part, the author thinks that the first problem is to solve the position of ecological law in the legal system of our country, only in this way can we fundamentally solve the related problems of the ecological legal system of our country. As an independent legal department, ecological law, whether from its guiding ideology or content and other aspects, It can be used as a comprehensive basic law of ecological environment protection to dominate other environmental laws and regulations in the ecological environment legal system. By analyzing the basic composition of the ecological law system and questioning the current environmental law system of our country, this part summarizes the way of the evolution of the ecological legal system of our country.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.6

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