别居期间夫妻财产关系问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 14:19

本文选题：别居 + 夫妻财产关系　；参考：《华中师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 别居制度源于古罗马时期《十二铜表法》的规定,到了中世纪的欧洲,寺院法盛行一时,它对世俗事务特别是婚姻家庭生活的干预,使得寺院法所采取的禁止离婚的救济措施——别居也随之确立并被广泛适用。随着宗教改革中婚姻还俗运动的发展、罗马法的复兴以及罗马法中婚姻家庭立法原则、规则及立法技术的日趋缜密,资本主义的婚姻家庭立法有了现实和法律借鉴,也使得资产阶级的法学家们赋予了别居制度以新的法律涵义。我国从古到今奉行许可离婚主义,在封建时代实行的是离婚过错原则,即“七出”、“三不去”。建国后在离婚制度中适用无过错原则,即以夫妻感情确已破裂为准予离婚的标准,而关于别居的规定则只在1989年最高人民法院《关于人民法院审理离婚案件如何认定夫妻感情确已破裂的若干具体意见》第7条和婚姻法修正案第三十二条第三款第四项中有所涉及,但是对于别居的事实认定、别居期间配偶权的行使、子女抚养及夫妻财产等问题的相关规定还未相应地制定和完善。尤其是别居制度中夫妻财产关系的确立,它涉及到别居期间子女的抚养问题、亲权的认定问题、监护权问题、收养及人工生殖子女问题,双方父母的赡养问题,夫妻双方的扶养权和继承权等问题。本文即对别居期间的夫妻财产关系问题做了系统的研究。文章分为绪言和三个部分,绪言提出了对我国别居期间夫妻财产关系问题进行研究的重要性。第一部分是对研究别居期间夫妻财产关系的必要性和现实基础进行阐述。该部分首先分析了别居制度的源起和发展,在此基础上,探讨了我国研究别居期间夫妻财产关系的必要性,并从我国研究别居期间夫妻财产关系的现实条件和这一阶段的夫妻财产关系的独特地位出发,对我国目前对于该问题的处理方式进行分析,认为我国目前的做法不利于实现男女平等,也不利于当事人利益的保护。第二部分是对一些国家关于别居期间夫妻财产关系法律的典型规定和典型做法进行比较分析。通过分析各国的相关规定,可以发现各国在自身国情的基础上,做出了各有特色的规定,这也与各国法律中别居与离婚的关系有关,但是,在各有特色的别居期间夫妻财产关系问题的规定中,又可以发现一些相通的地方,即涉及的问题方面大同小异,基本涉及包括夫妻财产制的变化、夫妻间的相互扶养关系、子女的抚养、别居期间夫妻债务的承担等等。通过比较分析,笔者认为,针对我国的立法来说,应当在借鉴各国先进理论的基础上,结合我国的特点,在处理别居期间的夫妻财产关系问题上,走一条自己的路。第三部分则详细探讨了我国别居期间夫妻财产关系的原则以及涉及完善的若干个问题。《婚姻法》虽然属于民法范畴,可适用民法的一些基本原则,但由于婚姻家庭法具有一定的身份性,民法的有些原理并不适用,如等价有偿原则,有些婚姻家庭中的财产问题民法又无法涉及到,因此有必要对别居期间夫妻财产关系做出一般性原则的分析。在分析了一般原则的基础上,本文还对与之相关的若干具体财产关系问题进行了详细探讨,以期能使我国在别居期间夫妻财产关系问题的处理上能更加合理有效,从而实现对当事人利益的真正保护。这些问题处理的好,有利于推进我国婚姻家庭制度的民主化、法治化进程,有利于实现我国婚姻法规定的婚姻自由原则,有利于完善我国拟订的民法典的框架,有利于将我国的婚姻家庭法与世界先进的婚姻家庭法律制度并轨,解决国际私法中婚姻家庭规范的冲突,有利于解决港澳台区际婚姻家庭立法与大陆婚姻家庭法的冲突,有利于和平解决离婚纠纷,有利于保护婚姻各方当事人的合法权益,有利于保护第三人的合法权益。别居制度中夫妻财产关系问题的确立,是我国婚姻家庭立法向世界先进立法例迈进的标志,是我国离婚制度走向文明的标志。
[Abstract]:Provisions of the separation system originated in ancient Rome period "Twelve Tables", in the Middle Ages in Europe, temple law prevailed, especially marriage and family life intervention on the worldly affairs, the temple law adopted the prohibition of divorce relief measures of separation be established and widely applicable. Along with the development of the marriage to religious reform movement in the revival of Rome law and Rome law of marriage and family legislation principles, rules and legislative technology increasingly careful, capitalism marriage and family legislation provides a practical and legal reference, making bourgeois jurists gives the separation system to the new legal meaning. China since ancient times pursue licensing divorce. In the implementation of the feudal era of divorce is the fault principle, namely "7", "three no". After the founding of the principle of no fault liability in divorce system, which couples that have been broken To grant divorce standards and regulations about the separation is only in 1989 the Supreme People's Court of the people's court divorce cases how to identify the relationship has been broken up a number of specific views > seventh and the amendment of marriage law thirty-second paragraph third of fourth has been involved, but for the separation of the facts, the exercise of spouse right during separation, the relevant provisions of child custody and property issues are not a corresponding development and improvement. Especially the establishment of marital property relations in the separation system, it relates to the separation of children during the custody problem, cognizance of parental power, custody, adoption and artificial reproductive problems, maintenance problems on both sides the parents of the couple's problems or rights and inheritance rights. This paper makes a systematic study on the problem of property between husband and wife during separation.
The article is divided into introduction and three parts. The introduction presents the importance to study in China during the period of separation of marital property relationship. The first part is about the necessity of the marital property relationship and realistic basis of the study in this paper. The separation during the first part of the origin and development of the separation system, on this basis, discussed the necessity in our research the separation of property between husband and wife during, and starting from the unique status of marital property relations in China during the period of separation conditions of marital property relationship and this stage, at present to our country for the treatment of the problem analysis, believes that China's current practice is not conducive to achieving gender equality, protection is not conducive to the interests of the parties.
The second part is about some countries about the typical legal provisions of marital property relationship during separation and typical practices were compared and analyzed. Through the analysis of the relevant provisions, can be found in countries based on their own national conditions, make the provisions of the characteristics of each, this is also relevant, and the relationship between separation and divorce laws of many countries but in the regulations the separation of property between husband and wife during their problems in and we can find some similarities, namely the problems involved are similar, including the basic change of marital property system, the mutual dependency between husband and wife, child support, separation during the couple's debts and so on. Through comparative analysis, the author believes that for me in the legislation, should be based on the advanced theory, combining the characteristics of our country, the marital property relations in dealing with the problems during separation on the go A path for myself.
The third part discusses the separation of property between husband and wife during the principle as well as to some problems in the marriage law. < > perfect although belonging to the category of civil law, applicable to some of the basic principles of civil law, but the law of marriage and family has a certain status, some principle of civil law does not apply, such as the principle of equal value, civil law property some problems in the marriage and family can not be involved, so it is necessary to make a general analysis of the principle of separation during the marital property relationship. Based on the analysis of the general principles, this paper also discusses on some specific property related issues, in order to make the treatment of property between husband and wife in China in the separation period can be more reasonable and effective, so as to realize the protection of the interests of the parties.
These problems a good deal, is conducive to promoting the marriage and family system in China's democratization, legalization process, is conducive to the realization of the principle of freedom of marriage in China's marriage law, is conducive to improving the framework of China's civil code draft, is conducive to China's marriage and family law with the advanced legal system of marriage and family the merger, to resolve the conflict of marriage and family norms in international law, is conducive to resolving conflicts in Hong Kong and Taiwan regions, marriage and family law and the law of marriage and family, is conducive to the peaceful settlement of the divorce disputes, to protect the lawful rights of the parties to the marriage, is conducive to the protection of the legitimate rights of the third person. The establishment of the separation system of marital property relations the problem is, our marriage and family legislation to mark world advanced legislation forward, is a sign of China's divorce system to civilization.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：D923.9

【引证文献】