当代中国民法中的人文关怀思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 22:49

本文选题：马克思主义 + 人文关怀　；参考：《安徽医科大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：人文关怀体现在对现实的人的物质性和精神性生存与发展的深切关怀上,表现为对现实人的自由和尊严的保障,对社会弱势群体的关爱。本文以马克思主义人文关怀思想为指导,在充分解读我国民法通则、物权法、侵权责任法、婚姻法等民法法律文本的基础上,指出我国民法所体现的人文关怀思想。论文第一部分,主要介绍国内外研究现状以及研究的背景、意义、方法,并概括了本文的主要研究内容和创新点。第二部分,解读马克思主义人文关怀理论。通过对中西方人文主义传统思想的对比,并在研读马克思主义经典著作和人文关怀现有研究成果的基础之上,总结马克思主义人文关怀的科学内涵,指出马克思主义人文关怀思想是物质关怀和精神关怀、现实关怀与终极关怀的统一。第三部分,分析在当代中国民法制度的建设中倡导人文关怀的现实基础和理论依据。提出人文关怀之所以在当代社会越来越凸显,一方面是因为它的现实可行性,对现实社会要求物质的满足和精神的需求的回应；另一方面是因为人文关怀内在的科学性,关于解决现实问题和构架理想社会符合现代社会发展的需要。然后从当代中国社会主义建设实际出发,分析倡导人文关怀符合构建法治国家的需要。第四部分,分析我国民法的制度发展和基本理念。梳理民法的概念,追溯建国以后我国民法建设的发展历程,解读民法的基本理念,即私权神圣、人格平等和私法自治。第五部分,对民法中的人文关怀思想进行分析。论述我国民法的价值追求,以及其所彰显的人文关怀思想——以人的利益为价值取向,重视人格权制度的发展,关怀弱势群体,以及人的主体地位得到逐步确立。第六部分,从人文关怀视角对我国民法制度进行应然性分析,明确我国民法制度的构建缺乏人文精神的法律传统,因而要重视培养公民对法律的信仰,以产生构建法治社会的人文土壤；此外,在社会发展的新形势下,法律条文在规则和价值尺度上的冲突和漏洞,以及对人格权的保护所面临的新挑战,需要尽快实现民法的法典化,以弘扬自由与秩序的统一,实现价值与规则的和谐。
[Abstract]:Humanistic care is embodied in the deep concern for the materiality and spiritual survival and development of realistic human beings, which is manifested in the guarantee of freedom and dignity of realistic human beings and the care for the disadvantaged groups of society.Under the guidance of Marxist humanistic solicitude, on the basis of fully interpreting the legal texts of civil law, such as general principles of civil law, property law, tort liability law and marriage law, this paper points out the humanistic care thought embodied in Chinese civil law.The first part of the paper mainly introduces the research situation at home and abroad as well as the background significance and method of the research and summarizes the main research contents and innovation points of this paper.The second part, the interpretation of Marxist humanistic care theory.By comparing the traditional thoughts of humanism between China and the West, and on the basis of studying the classical works of Marxism and the existing research results of humanistic care, the scientific connotation of humanistic care of Marxism is summarized.It is pointed out that Marxist humanistic care is the unity of material care and spiritual care, between realistic care and ultimate concern.The third part analyzes the realistic basis and theoretical basis of advocating humanistic care in the construction of civil law system in contemporary China.It is put forward that humanistic care is becoming more and more prominent in contemporary society, on the one hand, because of its practical feasibility, and because of its response to the material and spiritual needs of the realistic society; on the other hand, it is because of the inherent scientific nature of humanistic care.Solving practical problems and constructing an ideal society meet the needs of the development of modern society.Then, starting from the reality of socialist construction in contemporary China, the author analyzes that advocating humanistic care meets the needs of building a country ruled by law.The fourth part, analyzes the system development and the basic idea of our country civil law.Combing the concept of civil law, tracing back to the development of civil law construction after the founding of the people's Republic of China, and interpreting the basic concepts of civil law, namely, the sacredness of private rights, equality of personality and autonomy of private law.The fifth part, carries on the analysis to the humanity concern thought in the civil law.This paper discusses the value pursuit of the civil law in China, and its humanism concern thought, which takes the human interests as the value orientation, attaches importance to the development of the personality right system, cares for the vulnerable groups, and the subject status of the human being is gradually established.The sixth part, from the angle of humanistic concern, analyzes the necessity of the civil law system of our country, and clarifies that the construction of the civil law system in our country lacks the legal tradition of humanism spirit, so we should pay attention to the cultivation of citizens' belief in the law.In addition, under the new situation of social development, the conflicts and loopholes in the rules and value scales of legal texts, as well as the new challenges to the protection of personality rights, are created to create a humanistic soil for the construction of a society governed by the rule of law.It is necessary to realize the codification of civil law as soon as possible in order to promote the unity of freedom and order and to realize the harmony of value and rule.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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