关于我国亲权制度的探析

发布时间：2018-04-17 17:11

本文选题：亲权 + 亲权人　；参考：《兰州大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 近年来，婴儿在医院被错抱的报道屡屡见诸媒体，父母虐待未成年子女的事件也时有发生，由于父母离婚引起的未成年子女抚养纠纷不断增加，但是因为我国法律中没有对亲子关系的调整方法作出系统规定，没有确立亲权概念，更没有建立系统、完善的亲权制度，所以，司法人员在处理有些案件时难以找到直接的法律依据。为此，笔者力图通过借鉴其他国家和地区法律制度中的做法，提出完善我国亲权制度的意见。本文正文由绪论、论文主体和结语三部分组成。绪论部分引用了一个案例，意在说明亲权问题在现实生活中客观存在，不容忽视，研究亲权问题有一定的现实意义。论文主体包括：亲权制度理论分析、我国亲权制度的现状及其问题、完善我国亲权制度的思考。第一部分是亲权制度理论分析，包含了两方面的内容：第一方面内容是亲权制度的概念和法律特征、亲权制度的历史。亲权制度已有两千多年的历史，它来源于两个方面，一是罗马法的家父权，二是日耳曼法的父权。在立法宗旨上，亲权制度经历了三个时期：“家长本位”时期、“父本位”时期、“子女本位”时期。这说明了随着社会的发展和进步，亲权制度的内容也在不断发生变化，从古代子女被支配的地位，发展到了现代父母子女间的平等关系。另一方面的内容是亲权与监护的联系和区别。亲权与监护既有联系又有区别，文中从含义、主体、相对人、权利内容等方面对二者进行了比较研究。第二部分是我国亲权制度的现状及其问题，文章列举了我国法律制度中与亲权制度有关的法律条文，并结合具体案例，分析了我国亲权制度的现状和亲权制度本身存在的问题，从制度和现实层面论述了在我国建立系统、完善的亲权制度的必要性。我国现行法律中没有确立亲权概念，使法官判案难以找到直接的法律依据。我国法律对亲权制度的规定也过于简略、抽象，，可操作性不强，不利于对未成年子女利益的保护。第三部分是完善我国亲权制度的思考，主要内容包括：(1)亲权概念的确立；(2)亲权与监护应在体例上作出明确区分；(3)我国亲权制度内容的完善；(4)亲权的中止、丧失、恢复与消灭制度的增设；(5)亲权损害救济制度的建立。笔者对这几部分内容在综述的基础上提出了自己的看法，构建了亲权法律体系。
[Abstract]:In recent years, reports of babies being miscarried in hospitals have been frequently seen in the media, and incidents of abuse by parents of minor children have also occurred from time to time. As a result of the divorce of parents, disputes over the upbringing of minor children have been increasing.However, because there is no systematic regulation on the methods of regulation of parent-child relations in our country's laws, nor has the concept of parental authority been established, nor is there a systematic and perfect system of parental authority, so,Judicial officers find it difficult to find a direct legal basis in dealing with some cases.For this reason, the author tries to put forward some suggestions on how to perfect the system of parental right by drawing lessons from the legal systems of other countries and regions.The text consists of three parts: introduction, subject and conclusion.In the introduction part, a case is cited to illustrate the objective existence of parental right in real life, which can not be ignored. It is of certain practical significance to study the issue of parental right.The main body of the thesis includes: the theoretical analysis of parental right system, the status quo and problems of parental right system in China, and the thinking of perfecting the parental right system in China.The first part is the theoretical analysis of paternity system, including two aspects:The first aspect is the concept and legal characteristics of paternity system and the history of paternity system.The paternity system has a history of more than two thousand years. It comes from two aspects, one is the patriarchal right of Roman law, the other is the paternity of Germanic law.In the legislative purpose, the system of parental power has experienced three periods: the period of "parental standard", the period of "paternal position" and the period of "child standard".This shows that with the development and progress of the society, the content of the system of parental power is constantly changing, from the status of children being dominated in ancient times to the equal relationship between parents and children in modern times.On the other hand, the relation and difference between parental authority and guardianship.Parental right and guardianship are related and different. This paper makes a comparative study on the meaning, subject, relative person, right content and so on.The second part is the current situation and problems of the paternity system in our country. The article enumerates the legal provisions related to the paternity system in our country, and analyzes the current situation of the paternity system and the problems existing in the paternity system itself by combining the specific cases.This paper discusses the necessity of establishing a systematic and perfect parental right system in our country from the aspect of system and reality.The concept of paternity is not established in the current law of our country, which makes it difficult for judges to find direct legal basis.The stipulation of parental right system in our country is too brief, abstract and not operable, which is not good for the protection of the interests of minor children.The third part is to perfect the system of paternity in our country. The main contents include: 1) the establishment of the concept of paternity 2) the clear distinction between paternity and guardianship should be made on the style) the consummation of the content of the system of paternity in China / 4) the suspension and loss of parental right.Restoration and elimination of the establishment of the system of parental damage relief.The author puts forward his own views on these parts and constructs the legal system of paternity.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D923

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