在校大学生的劳动法主体资格研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 08:28

本文选题：劳动法主体资格 + 劳动者　；参考：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：当今的象牙塔内,或出于经济支持之原因、或出于学习实践之目的、或者出于职业发展之压力,越来越多在校大学生尚未毕业就参与到社会劳动中。社会舆论对大学生付出劳务获取报酬的行为的称呼多种多样:“兼职”、“实习”、“勤工助学”等。这些行为法律意义各不相同,部分称呼也并不准确,除了“实习”和“勤工助学”之外,剩下的情形应该认定为在校大学生就业。目前理论界对在校大学生劳动法主体资格认识的并未达成共识。司法实践中大多援引原劳动部1995年颁布的规章不承认在校大学生可以签订劳动合同,认为在校大学生不具备劳动法主体资格。在校大学生维护自己被侵害的权益只能依靠民事赔偿。在校大学生直接取得劳动主体资格在现实中企业、政府、高校、个人都存在困难。反观域外,无论是从属性学说还是控制标准学说都没有将具有完全的劳动行为能力和劳动权利能力的在校大学生排除出劳动法主体之外,部分国家甚至专门针对在校大学生兼职订立特殊的保护条款,例如适用更低的每周工作时间、更低的每小时最低薪酬等。从法理角度,在校大学生不存在排除出劳动主体资格之外的特殊事项,在用人单位劳动时既依附于用人单位管理,也接受用人单位控制,而且由于缺乏社会经验更容易遭受劳动权益的损害。司法实践中作为排除大学生劳动主体资格依据的原劳动部部门规章也存在瑕疵。将在校大学生纳入劳动法主体资格,其社会、法律意义巨大,可能产生问题也可以通过目前已有的方案讨论解决,总体来说此做法利大于弊。
[Abstract]:In today's ivory tower, more and more college students are participating in social labor before graduation, either for reasons of economic support, for the purpose of study and practice, or for the pressure of professional development. There are a variety of forms of public opinion for the payment of labor services: "part-time", "internship", "work-study" and so on. The legal meaning of these behaviors is different, and some of the titles are not accurate. Besides "practice" and "work-study", the rest of the situation should be regarded as employment for college students. At present, there is no consensus on the subject qualification of college students'labor law. In judicial practice, most of the regulations promulgated by the former Ministry of Labor in 1995 do not recognize that college students can sign labor contracts, and think that college students do not have the qualification of subject of labor law. College students can only rely on civil compensation to protect their infringed rights and interests. It is difficult for college students to obtain the qualification of labor subject directly in the reality of enterprises, governments, colleges and universities, and individuals. On the other hand, both the theory of subordination and the theory of control standards have not excluded the college students with full capacity of labor behavior and labor rights from the main body of labor law. Some countries even set special protections for part-time college students, such as lower weekly working hours, lower hourly minimum pay, etc. From the legal point of view, there is no special matter excluding the qualification of the main body of labor for college students. They are not only dependent on the management of the unit of choose and employ persons, but also subject to the control of the unit of choose and employ persons. And because of the lack of social experience is more vulnerable to labor rights and interests damage. In judicial practice, there are also defects in the rules and regulations of the former Ministry of Labor as the basis for excluding the qualification of college students. It is of great social and legal significance to bring college students into the subject qualification of labor law, and the possible problems can also be solved through the existing schemes. In general, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.5

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