非典型担保的效力研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 05:12

本文关键词：非典型担保的效力研究　出处：《江西理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展,市场交易方式和过程的日益复杂化,现有的抵押权、质权以及留置权难以满足人们日益膨胀的融资需求,为此,在生活实践中,民众为增加其信用或为其债权的实现“创造”了各式各样的担保方式。然在司法实践当中,多数司法机关乃至公证机关都对“民众创造”采取一种比较谨慎的态度,认为“民众创造”违反物权法定原则以及禁止流质契约的规定,从而否定其效力。司法实践之谨慎与民众需求的多样性之间的矛盾在当前日益突出,因此为化解这一矛盾,本文对典型担保之外的担保方式的效力进行研究。本文分为引言、正文、结论三大部分,其中正文分为四章对非典型担保的效力予以探讨。第一章为非典型担保的概述,论述了非典型担保的含义、特征、分类以及与相关概念的辨析。非典型担保是指物保领域内,除抵押权、质权和留置权之外的新型的担保方式,不包括如企业排污权抵押等的典型担保类型下客体的非典型担保,非典型担保相比于典型担保具有一定的不确定性、便利性与快捷性,不确定性主要是指非典型担保种类、范围的不确定,便利性是指非典型担保的设立可依当事人的约定也可以法律的规定,快捷性是指非典型担保实现方式的高效、快捷。第二章为非典型担保的现状,将非典型担保划分为有法律规定的非典型担保与无法律规定的非典型担保两大类:有法律规定的非典型担保司法审判依据为现有相关法律的规定,司法实践对该类型非典型担保的担保效力态度一致,法学理论研究中大多数学者也赞同有法律规定的非典型担保具有优先受偿的效力;而无法律规定的非典型担保不论是司法实践还是法学理论的探讨,关于该类型的非典型担保的效力的态度并不一致,主要表现为认可、部分认可以及全部认可三种态度。第三章为法律规定的非典型担保的物权效力,首先分析了法律规定非典担保与担保物权理念的一致性和其与《物权法》基本原则相吻合法理基础,论述法律规定的非典型担保的物权性质;其次从有利于特殊利益的保护以及有利于债权实现等方面论述了法律规定非典型担保为物权性质的意义。第四章为无法律规定的非典型担保的效力分析,以合同目的理论论证了无法律规定的非典型担保的本质应为优先受偿,与担保物权的本质相同;从物权法定原则缓和的角度分析了该类型的非典型担保不违反物权法定的理由,从其与流质契约区别的角度说明不违反禁止流质契约;且认可该类型非典型担保的优先受偿效力与民法体系中意思自治理念相符,与交易秩序等并无妨碍;但为保障相关利益人之间的公平,对于无法律规定的非典型担保的优先受偿效力不宜采取“一刀切”的方式认为有效或是无效,本文认为无法律规定非典型担保至少要满足不损害第三人的利益、以一定的方式表现在外以及内容合法且意思表示真实等条件才可以认可其的优先受偿效力。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, the market transaction mode and process become more complicated, the existing mortgage, pledge and lien is difficult to meet the growing demand for financing, therefore, in practice, people increase their credit or for the realization of creditor's rights "created" every kind of guarantee. However in judicial in practice, most of the judicial organs and the notary organs have taken a more cautious attitude to "people create", "that people create" violate the principle of statutory real right and the ban on the fluidity contract, to negate its effectiveness. The diversity between caution and the needs of the people in judicial practice of the contradictions in the current increasingly prominent, so as to resolve this contradiction, this paper studied the effect of typical security guarantee way outside. This paper is divided into preface, text, conclusion of three parts, including four chapters on Effect of untypical guarantee to explore. The first chapter is an overview of untypical security, discusses the untypical guarantee meaning, characteristics, classification and related concepts. To guarantee the security refers to the area, in addition to the mortgage, pledge and lien outside the new guarantee, not including the enterprise sewage guarantee right the typical types of mortgage guarantee object, compared to the typical security guarantee with uncertainty, convenience and quickness, uncertainty mainly refers to guarantee the type, uncertainty range, convenience is set up according to the provisions to guarantee refers to the agreement between the parties can also be legal, quick means to guarantee the implementation of efficient and fast. The second chapter is the status quo of untypical security, will be divided into a untypical guarantee law and Guarantee Law The untypical guarantee two categories: the law basis for judicial guarantee provisions of existing laws and judicial practice on the type of atypical guarantee to guarantee the effectiveness of the same attitude, most of mathematics in the research of legal theory is that the law has the effect to guarantee the priority; without atypical security law whether it is the judicial practice or the theory discussion, about the effect of the type of untypical guarantee attitude is not consistent, mainly for approval, approval and approval of all parts of the three attitude. The third chapter is the legal provisions to guarantee the validity of real right law, firstly analyzes the consistency of SARS guarantee and real right idea and the basic principles of property law > and < coincides with the legal basis, the nature of real right law of untypical guarantee; secondly from benefit Protect the special interests and is conducive to the realization of the creditor's rights and other aspects of the law guarantee for the atypical nature of real significance. The fourth chapter is the analysis of the effectiveness of atypical unsecured legal provisions, to the purpose of the contract theory demonstrates that no legal provisions of the guarantee of quality should be a priority, the essence and the security interests of the same ease from the legal principle of property rights; analyzed the types of untypical guarantee does not violate the legal reasons, from the point of view that the difference and the fluidity contract does not violate the prohibition of the fluidity contract; and the recognition of this type of non typical security priority with the concept of autonomy and the force system of civil law, and do not interfere with the transaction order but for security; stakeholders of the fair, for without the law to guarantee the effect of priority should take a "broad brush" approach. In order to be effective or invalid, we believe that atypical guarantee without law should satisfy at least third people's interests. In a certain way, it can be recognized as a priority if it is expressed in a certain way and content is legal and the meaning is real.

【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

【参考文献】

中国期刊全文数据库前10条

1 高圣平;王琪;;不动产抵押物转让规则的解释论:《物权法》第191条及其周边[J];法律科学(西北政法大学学报);2011年05期

2 王利明;;所有权保留制度若干问题探讨——兼评《买卖合同司法解释》相关规定[J];法学评论;2014年01期

3 李世刚;;典型担保种类在法国法上的演进[J];河北法学;2010年01期

4 梁上上;物权法定主义:在自由与强制之间[J];法学研究;2003年03期

5 刘兵红;;英国法上物权法定原则之考察[J];河北法学;2013年11期

6 杨立新;;物权法定原则缓和与非法定物权[J];法学论坛;2007年01期

7 高圣平;;物权法定主义及其当代命运[J];社会科学研究;2008年03期

8 彭真明;丁海江;;论所有权保留合同中天然孳息的归属——兼评《物权法》第116条与《合同法》163条[J];社会科学;2014年02期

9 原蓉蓉;;论合同解除中的合同目的不能实现[J];学术论坛;2012年05期

10 张悦,王舒;《信托法》上受托人优先受偿权研究[J];行政与法;2002年03期