公益捐赠合同的法律结构

发布时间：2018-01-15 06:22

本文关键词：公益捐赠合同的法律结构　出处：《扬州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今中国社会贫富悬殊,各种社会问题层出不穷,如果能令“慈善捐赠”,尤其是慈善组织参与其中的公益慈善捐赠充分发挥其“第三种社会资源分配”的功能,将会十分有效的缓解社会矛盾。但是,我国目前的慈善事业却很不理想,民众普遍参与积极性不高,慈善组织公信力出现危机,民间慈善组织发展举步维艰,极大的限制了慈善事业本应发挥的作用。其重要原因之一就是有关慈善领域的法律理论不够明晰,法律制度的制定和实施不尽完善。慈善赠与在本质上属于平等主体之间的赠与合同法律关系,因此笔者从合同的角度对公益捐赠行为进行理论分析,以期对慈善捐赠法律理论研究和慈善捐赠实务有所裨益。第一章首先明确本文的研究对象和基本概念。本文的研究对象是慈善组织参与其中的公益捐赠合同,公益捐赠合同具有无偿性、诺成性、公益性、公法性等特征。此外,有必要将公益捐赠合同与非公益捐赠、信托、代理等相似概念区分开来。第二章主要分析了公益捐赠合同的法律性质问题。公益捐赠合同实质上是一个赠与合同,包括捐赠人、受赠入(慈善组织)、受益人三方主体。捐赠人和受赠人都有一定的主体资格限制,尤其是作为受赠人的慈善组织因其影响力巨大,必须保障捐赠人和受益人的知情权和监督权,并应充分发展民间慈善组织,以便在市场竞争中减少官办慈善组织所固有的弊端。第三章重点研究了公益捐赠合同中的捐赠人,并对捐赠人的权利义务进行了详细的分析。本文认为,在公益捐赠合同中,捐赠人虽然不享有任意撤销权,但仍享有法定撤销权。第四章主要分析了公益捐赠合同中的受赠人主体资格问题以及受赠人的权利义务问题。近年来公益捐赠过程中频繁出现“诺而不捐”、“诈捐”、“慈善组织挪用善款”等不适当履行合同义务的行为,本文认为,可以将该种行为认定为“拒绝履行”、“不完全履行”,从而将该种行为纳入违约责任的规整范围。第五章主要阐述了公益捐赠合同的受益人问题,并对受益人的权利义务进行了分析。
[Abstract]:In today's society China poor, various social problems emerge in an endless stream, if we can make "charitable donation", especially the charitable organizations involved in charitable donations and give full play to the "third types of social resources allocation function, alleviate social contradictions will be very effective. However, the charity in China at present is not ideal, people universal participation enthusiasm is not high, the charity organization credibility crisis, development difficult private charitable organizations, greatly limits the charity should play a role. One important reason is the legal theory of Guan charity field is not clear, the formulation and implementation of the legal system is not perfect. The charity donation is equality between the main a gift contract legal relationship in essence, so the author from the perspective of a contract for the donation behavior of theoretical analysis, in order to charitable donation legal theory Beneficial to the research and practice of charitable donations. The first chapter in this paper, the research object clear and basic concepts. The object of this paper is involved in the charity donation contract, public donation contract is free, Connaught, public welfare, the characteristics of public law. In addition, it is necessary to public welfare donation contract and non charitable donation trust, agents and other similar concepts, distinguished. The second chapter mainly analyzes the legal nature of the donation contract. The donation contract is essentially a donation contract, including donor recipient (in charity), the three party beneficiary subject. The donors and the recipients have certain qualification restrictions, especially as the recipient of the charity organization because of its great influence, must ensure the donor and beneficiary's right to know and the right of supervision, and should make full development of the folk charity organization, so that in the market competition To reduce the disadvantages of official charity organizations. The third chapter focuses on the public welfare donation contract in the donor, and the donor's rights and obligations are analyzed in detail. This paper argues that the donation contract, although the donor does not enjoy the right of revocation, but still has the statutory right of revocation. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the donee subject qualification of public donation contract and the rights and obligations of the recipient. In recent years the donation process appears frequently in "Nobel without tax", "tax fraud", "charity organization divert funds and other acts, not properly perform its obligations under a contract in this paper that this kind of behavior can be identified as" refuse to perform "," incomplete performance ", and this kind of behavior into the scope of liability for breach of contract regular. The fifth chapter mainly elaborates the beneficiaries of public donation contract, and the beneficiary's rights and obligations The analysis was carried out.

【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.6

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