金融消费者保护监管法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 07:05

本文关键词： 金融消费者金融监管信息披露公平待遇金融教育　出处：《山西大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2008年次贷危机爆发的重要原因之一是对金融机构的市场滥用行为缺乏有效规制,忽视对金融消费者应有的保护,加强对金融消费者和投资者的保护因此成为后危机时代各国金融监管改革的一项重要内容。如何顺应国际趋势及借鉴金融业发达国家的先进经验完善我国金融消费者保护机制,是完善我国金融监管体制中必须重点关注的问题,对促进我国金融业健康发展,维护我国金融体系的安全与稳定,也具有非常重要的现实意义。论文综合运用比较分析、历史分析等方法对金融消费者保护监管的基础理论及基本要素进行了详尽论述,并结合后危机时代金融消费者保护监管改革的国际趋势及先进经验,提出完善我国金融消费者保护监管的具体建议。论文除引言和结论外,分为四部分。第一部分论述金融消费者保护监管的基础理论,包括金融消费者保护监管的界定以及金融消费者保护监管的必要性。金融消费者保护监管是指以维护金融消费者权益为目的,监管机构通过行使法定权力实施金融消费者保护的具体制度,监督金融服务提供者合规经营,从而预防和减少消费者权益受损现象的发生。作为一国金融监管体系的重要组成部分,金融消费者保护监管与审慎监管、金融业行为监管既有密切联系,又有本质区别。金融消费者保护监管不仅有利于缓解消费者和金融服务提供者之间的信息不对称,而且有利于矫正金融消费者的弱势地位,进而维护金融业的安全与稳定。第二部分分析金融消费者保护监管机构的设置及其权限。金融消费者保护主要是通过监管机构监督金融机构执行金融消费者保护方面的法律、法规来实现,因此,金融消费者保护监管机构是金融消费者保护机制的基础和核心。金融消费者保护职能是由审慎监管机构行使,还是由多家机构联合行使或专门机构行使,取决于一国的金融监管体制及金融业发展水平。另一方面,为确保监管机构有效行使消费者保护职能,必须确保消费者保护监管机构的独立性,同时通过法律明确规定其立法权、监管权和执行权。第三部分对金融消费者保护监管的具体制度,即信息披露制度、公平待遇制度、纠纷解决及救济制度,以及金融消费者教育制度加以具体分析。信息披露要求金融服务提供者及时、充分地向消费者提供与金融产品和服务有关的信息,目的在于使消费者充分知晓金融产品和服务的特征、收益及风险。公平待遇制度是确保金融消费者在金融交易过程中获得公平对待,免受金融服务提供者的欺诈及滥用行为。纠纷解决是金融消费者获得充分救济的重要手段,是有效执行金融消费者保护法的重要机制。金融教育是通过信息、指示或客观的建议提高消费者对金融产品、金融概念的认识,从而提高他们识别金融风险、作出明智金融决定的能力。第四部分探讨我国金融消费者保护监管的现状及完善。我国在金融消费者保护方面无专门法律,有关消费者保护方面的规定散见于其他法律及监管部门的规章和规范性文件中。此外,现行立法并未将金融消费者保护作为监管的首要目标。机构方面,虽在“一行三会”下设立了金融消费者保护的相关职能部门,但存在独立性不强、权限不明确等问题,纵向分割式的监管容易也造成监管重叠与监管漏洞。顺应金融消费者保护的国际趋势及借鉴先进做法,作者提出,我国应制定专门的金融消费者保护法,明确金融消费者保护监管的基本要素；确保我国金融消费者保护相关职能部门的独立性并赋予其明确的职能和权限；采用原则监管与规则监管并存的方法协调消费者保护的各项具体制度。
[Abstract]:One of the important reasons for the outbreak of the subprime crisis in 2008 is to financial institutions and the lack of effective regulation of market abuse, neglect the protection of financial consumer right, strengthen the protection of financial consumers and investors therefore become an important content in post crisis era, the world's financial regulatory reform. How to adapt to international trends and learn from the advanced experience of the financial industry in developed countries to improve China's financial consumer protection mechanism, must focus on the improvement of China's financial regulatory system, to promote the healthy development of China's financial industry, safeguard the security and stability of the financial system of our country, also has very important practical significance. This paper uses comparative analysis, historical analysis and other methods are discussed in detail the basic theory of financial consumer protection regulation and the basic elements, and combined with the post crisis era of financial consumer protection regulatory reform in China International trend and advanced experience, put forward to perfect our financial consumer protection regulation suggestions. Besides the introduction and conclusion this paper is divided into four parts. The first part discusses the basic theory of financial consumer protection regulation, including the definition of financial consumer protection supervision and financial consumer protection of the necessity of the supervision of supervision of financial consumer protection is. To safeguard the financial interests of consumers for the purpose of implementing the system of specific financial consumer protection regulatory agencies through the exercise of statutory authority, supervision and management of financial service providers compliance, so as to prevent and reduce the occurrence of damage to the interests of consumers phenomenon. As an important part of a country's financial supervision system, financial consumer protection regulation and prudential supervision, financial industry behavior supervision are closely linked, and the essential difference. The financial consumer protection regulation is not only conducive to ease consumer and financial The information asymmetry between service providers, but also conducive to the correction of the financial consumers vulnerable position, and maintain the security and stability of the financial industry. The second part analyzes the consumer protection of financial regulators and financial consumer protection authority. Mainly through the regulatory supervision of financial institutions in the implementation of financial consumer protection laws and regulations to implement, therefore financial regulators, consumer protection is the basis and core of financial consumer protection mechanism. The financial consumer protection function is exercised by the prudential regulation authority, exercising or by the number of institutions or joint exercise of the specialized agencies, the level of development of financial supervision system and the financial industry depends on a country. On the other hand, in order to ensure the effective exercise of supervision mechanism the consumer protection functions, to ensure the independence of consumer protection regulatory agencies at the same time, through the law clearly stipulates the establishment Right, supervision right and executive power. The third part of the financial consumer protection regulation of the specific system, namely the information disclosure system, justice system, dispute resolution and relief system, and the financial consumer education system in detail. Information disclosure requirements of financial services to provide timely, fully and provide relevant information to the financial products and services. Consumers, to enable consumers to fully know the characteristics of financial products and services, profit and risk. Justice system is to ensure that the Financial Consumer Fair in financial transactions, financial service providers from fraud and abuse. The financial consumer dispute resolution is a important means to obtain full relief, is an important mechanism for the effective implementation of financial consumers the protection of law. Financial education is through information, instructions or objective advice to improve the consumers of financial products, financial The concept of knowledge, so as to improve their recognition of financial risk, the ability to make wise financial decisions. The fourth part studies and improvement of China's financial consumer protection regulatory status. China's no special law in terms of financial consumer protection, consumer protection aspects of the provisions of the relevant regulations and normative documents scattered in other legal and regulatory departments. In addition, the current legislation is not financial consumer protection as the primary goal of supervision mechanism. Although, in the "three" set up the relevant functional departments of financial consumer protection, but independence is not strong and the problem of authority is not clear, vertical split type regulation to cause regulatory overlap and regulatory loopholes. The international trend of financial consumer protection and the advanced approach, the author proposes that China should enact a special law to protect the financial consumers, financial consumer protection clearly The basic elements of the supervision are to ensure the independence of the relevant functional departments of the financial consumer protection and give them clear functions and powers, and adopt the methods of principle supervision and rule regulation to coordinate the specific systems of consumer protection.

【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.28;D923.8

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