论孤雌生殖人类胚胎干细胞相关发明在我国的专利适格性

发布时间：2018-03-02 01:03

本文关键词： 孤雌生殖人类胚胎干细胞专利适格性社会公德人格尊严　出处：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着生物技术的不断发展创新,专利制度中专利法保护的客体范围不断地受到冲击和挑战。人类胚胎干细胞相关技术的发展,给人类医学带来了不可估量的影响,各国都予以了极大的重视。但是,在传统的专利制度中,基于伦理道德等因素的考量,人类胚胎干细胞的相关发明被明确的排除在专利保护客体范围之外,以至于许多与人类胚胎干细胞相关的技术发明都得不到专利保护。2012年8月,国际干细胞公司因两项涉及孤雌生殖人类胚胎干细胞的技术因为没有获得英国专利局的授权而提起了诉讼。孤雌生殖人类胚胎干细胞相关技术的出现,使得人们不得不再一次重新审视专利制度中关于专利保护客体的规定。本文即是围绕这一问题,从是否有必要设置公序良俗条款、“社会公德”内涵的不断变化、公民生命健康权与人格尊严利益权衡、授权是否会损害人格尊严、我国干细胞产业的发展需要五个角度展开讨论,最后得出孤雌生殖人类胚胎干细胞相关发明在我国具有专利适格性这一结论。本文共七章,可分为三个部分。第一部分为第一章至第五章。第一章主要介绍了论文选题的由来、国内外关于人类胚胎干细胞相关的研究现状以及本文的研究思路方法、重难点和创新点;第二章从案情、争议焦点以及审理情况简单介绍了孤雌生殖人类胚胎干细胞相关发明专利授权争议第一案;第三章介绍了人类胚胎干细胞相关技术的一些基本概念以及孤雌生殖人类胚胎干细胞研究的特点和价值;第四章主要考察世界各国对于人类胚胎干细胞相关发明的立法比较研究,选取了比较有代表性的美国模式和欧盟模式作简要介绍;第五章则是梳理和概括了我国目前对于人类胚胎干细胞研究的专利立法现状和管理对策;以上几个部分均是为下文的论述作铺垫。第二部分是本文的第六章,同时也是本文最重要最核心的一章。在以前文五章作为基础和铺垫的前提下,从专利法中是否有必要设置公序良俗条款、“社会公德”内涵的不断变化、生命健康权与人格尊严之间的法益权衡、授予此类技术是否会损害人格尊严以及我国干细胞产业的发展需要五个不同层次和角度论述了此类技术应该具有专利适格性。第三部分也就是本文的最后一章。在明确了孤雌生殖人类胚胎干细胞相关发明在我国具有专利适格性的基础上,提出了对于《专利审查指南》的一些修改建议以及我国对于人类胚胎干细胞研究应采取的立场。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and innovation of biotechnology, the scope of the object protected by patent law in the patent system is constantly challenged and challenged. The development of human embryonic stem cell related technology has brought incalculable influence to human medicine. However, in the traditional patent system, due to the consideration of ethical and moral factors, the invention of human embryonic stem cells is explicitly excluded from the scope of patent protection. So many of the technological inventions related to human embryonic stem cells are not patented. International Stem Cell Corporation has filed a lawsuit over two technologies involving parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cells for lack of authorization from the British Patent Office. Technology related to parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cells has emerged. So that people have to re-examine the provisions of patent system on the object of patent protection. This article is around this issue, from whether it is necessary to set up the public order good custom clause, "social morality" connotation of continuous change, The development of stem cell industry in China needs to be discussed from five angles: the right to life and health of citizens and the interests of human dignity, and whether authorization will impair human dignity. Finally, it is concluded that the invention related to parthenogenesis human embryonic stem cells has patent suitability in China. This paper consists of seven chapters, which can be divided into three parts. The first part is from Chapter one to Chapter 5th. The first chapter mainly introduces the origin of the thesis. At home and abroad on the human embryonic stem cell related research status and research ideas and methods of this paper, important difficulties and innovations. Chapter two from the case, The focus of the dispute and the trial situation briefly introduced the first case concerning patent authorization of parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cells. The third chapter introduces some basic concepts of human embryonic stem cell technology and the characteristics and value of parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cell research. Chapter 4th mainly reviews the comparative research on the legislation of human embryonic stem cell (ESC) related inventions in the world, and introduces the representative American model and the EU model. Chapter 5th is to sort out and summarize the current status of patent legislation and management strategies for human embryonic stem cell research in China; the above parts are all for the discussion below. The second part is the 6th chapter of this paper. At the same time, it is also the most important and core chapter of this paper. Under the premise of the previous five chapters as the foundation and foundation, whether it is necessary to set up the public order and good custom clause in the patent law, the connotation of "social public morality" is constantly changing. The balance of legal benefits between the right to life and human dignity, Whether granting this kind of technology will impair human dignity and the development of stem cell industry in China need five different levels and angles to discuss that this technology should be patented. The third part is the last chapter of this paper. On the basis of making clear that the invention of parthenogenetic human embryonic stem cell has patent suitability in our country, Some amendments to Patent Review Guide and our country's position on the research of human embryonic stem cells are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.42

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