快递服务中损害赔偿问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 15:24

本文选题：快递服务　切入点：损害赔偿　出处：《海南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着淘宝网、京东商城等电子商务平台的迅猛发展,作为电子商务的末端服务产业——快递行业也得到了高速发展。然而在这快速崛起与发展的背后也带来了一系列问题。这其中关于快递服务中损害赔偿的相关问题层出不穷,争议较大,值得研究。本篇论文除引言和结语之外分成四个部分：第一部分主要是介绍快递服务中损害赔偿的基础理论,对快递服务、快递服务中损害赔偿等基本概念作出界定；简要概括出快递服务中损害赔偿的特点：一般不赔偿实物,一般仅包括直接损失,一般适用责任转承原理；论述了学者们关于快递服务中损害赔偿责任的性质的观点并分别从寄件人和收件人的角度谈了作者的观点。第二部分从三个方面论述了快递服务中损害赔偿的现状：首先,从法律法规、部门规章、国家标准、地方政府规章四个层面论述了快递服务中损害赔偿的立法现状；其次,简要论述了快递服务中损害赔偿的司法实务现状；最后,概括出当前快递服务中损害赔偿的主要类型：快递延误的损害赔偿、快递损坏的损害赔偿、快递丢失的损害赔偿以及个人信息泄露导致的损害赔偿。第三部分梳理了当前快递服务中损害赔偿方面突出存在的五大问题：第一,快递服务中对收件人的利益保护不够全面；第二,快递服务中保价条款的性质存在较大的争议,从而影响到最高限额能否适用；第三,快递服务中损害赔偿的范围也值得讨论；第四,快递服务中的免责条款存在不少问题；第五,快递运单导致的个人信息泄露而引发的损害赔偿救济还存在诸多困境。第四部分针对第三部分提出的问题,进行了较为深入的探讨,分别提出了解决的对策：第一,将快递服务合同定性为为第三人利益合同将有效解决收件人的利益保护问题；第二,假如保价条款既不符合无效的条件,又没有对消费者形成刻意或者重大的危害,而且快递服务企业又在前期履行了提醒和解释的义务,则应判定为有效,否则,寄件人有权提出撤销保价条款：第三,在赔偿数额方面,法官在一定条件下可以适用自由心证主义,但要十分谨慎。对于损失是否属于可预期的范畴,应当依照签订合同之时双方互相了解的情况进行判定。对于特殊物品的损害赔偿,其中存在着侵权和违约责任两者的竞合,应当令寄件人依照自己的判断来选择行使权利；第四,免责条款必须符合公平原则且能够平衡当事人之间的利益；第五,应该将个人信息作为一般人格权加以保护,并且在格式条款中增加个人信息保护和有关违约金方面的条款,同时完善新消费者权益保护法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of Taobao, JingDong Mall and other e-commerce platforms, As the end service industry of electronic commerce, express delivery industry has also got rapid development. However, there are also a series of problems behind this rapid rise and development. There is a great deal of controversy and it is worth studying. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is divided into four parts:. The first part mainly introduces the basic theory of damage compensation in express delivery service, defines the basic concepts of express delivery service and damage compensation in express service, and briefly summarizes the characteristics of damage compensation in express service: generally, no compensation in kind, In general, direct loss is only included, and the principle of transfer of liability is applied. The author's views on the nature of liability for damages in express delivery service are discussed, and the author's views are discussed from the point of view of sender and addressee respectively. The second part discusses the current situation of damage compensation in express delivery service from three aspects: first, from the four levels of laws and regulations, departmental regulations, national standards, local government regulations to discuss the legislative status of damage compensation in express delivery service; secondly, This paper briefly discusses the current situation of the judicial practice of damages in express delivery services, and finally, summarizes the main types of damages in express delivery services: damages for delay in express delivery, damages for damage caused by express delivery, The damages caused by the loss of express delivery and the damage caused by the leakage of personal information. The third part combs the current express service in the damage compensation aspect prominent existence five big problems: first, the express delivery service to the recipient's benefit protection is not comprehensive; second, the express delivery service in the price clause nature has the bigger dispute, This affects whether the ceiling can be applied; third, the scope of damages in express service is also worth discussing; 4th, express service in the exemption clause there are a lot of problems; 5th, There are still many difficulties in the relief of damages caused by the leakage of personal information caused by express waybill. Part 4th, in view of the problems raised in the third part, has carried on the comparatively thorough discussion, separately proposed the solution countermeasure: first, the express delivery service contract will be qualified as the third party benefit contract will effectively solve the recipient's interest protection problem; Second, if the price insurance clause does not meet the invalid conditions and does not cause deliberate or significant harm to consumers, and the express delivery service enterprise has fulfilled its obligations of reminding and explaining in the early stage, it should be judged to be effective, otherwise, The sender has the right to propose the revocation of the warranty: third, in terms of the amount of compensation, the judge may, under certain conditions, apply the doctrine of free forensics, but be very careful. The contract should be concluded according to the mutual understanding of the two parties. For the damage compensation for special articles, there is a combination of tort and breach of contract, and the sender should be made to choose to exercise the right according to his own judgment; 4th, the exemption clause must conform to the principle of fairness and balance the interests of the parties; 5th, personal information should be protected as a general personality right, It also adds personal information protection and penalty provisions to the format clause, and consummates the new consumer rights and interests protection law.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923

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