我国民间借贷利率规制的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 21:13

本文选题：民间借贷 + 利率　；参考：《西南政法大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：以《最高人民法院关于人民法院审理借贷案件的若干意见》(以下简称《意见》)第6条为中心的利率规制措施凸显出我国对民间借贷利率浓厚的管控基调。时至今日,其运行已有20余年。在市场经济的不断发展以及利率市场化的大环境下,我国当前的利率规制模式和利率上限的确定已不能满足经济发展的现实需求,甚至带来更多的负面影响,继续使用难以达到预期的成效。利率是对民间借贷规制的起点1,也是考察民间借贷是否合法的关键因素。对民间借贷利率的规制程度决定了民间借贷的保护程度和发展方向。而民间借贷不仅仅是涉及当事人之间的财产处分和意思自治问题,更是涉及国家经济发展与安全、社会稳定的公共问题。因此,研究如何规制民间借贷利率显得意义重大。本文共分为四个部分。第一部分是对民间借贷利率规制的基本概述。本部分首先对民间借贷的概念进行界定;其次,阐述了民间借贷利率规制的内涵;最后,介绍了我国民间借贷利率规制的基本做法,包括对我国当前借贷利率特点的归纳以及规制民间借贷利率基本路径的分析。第二部分论述了我国民间借贷利率规制的困境,包括规制民间借贷利率立法层面的困境、司法适用的困境。对立法层面困境以当前学术界对民间借贷的主要争议点出发,包括现行规制民间借贷立法的不足、现行法律的相互冲突与矛盾、借贷利率上限的合理性问题。司法适用层面,以具体的案例为切入点,探讨民间借贷的司法适用的几点困境。包括司法实践中借贷复利的适用、对违反法定利率上限的法律裁判标准、逾期利息无约定情形下的利率推定规则,通过分析比较得出自己的思考。第三部分是关于域外民间借贷利率规制的比较法考察与启示。该部分选取美国、德国以及我国香港地区进行考察和分析。在此基础上总结了这些国家或地区的做法对我国的启示,包括制定专门规制民间借贷立法、根据现实情况制定符合我国民间借贷发展的合理利率上限。第四部分,基于对我国当前规制民间借贷利率法律的考察以及民间借贷现状以及发展需求的思考,结合域外相关国家的经验借鉴,对完善民间借贷利率的法律规制提出建议。包括完善民间借贷的法律规范、建立健全的民间借贷监管机制、加强司法对民间借贷利率的规制以及建立规制民间借贷利率的配套制度。
[Abstract]:The interest rate regulation measures centered on Article 6 of the Supreme people's Court on the trial of loan cases by the people's Court (hereinafter referred to as "opinions") highlight the tone of our country's strong control over private lending rates.Today, its operation has been more than 20 years.With the continuous development of market economy and the marketization of interest rate, the current interest rate regulation model and the determination of interest rate cap in our country can no longer meet the actual needs of economic development, and even bring more negative effects.Continued use is difficult to achieve the desired results.Interest rate is the starting point of the regulation of private lending and also the key factor to investigate whether private lending is legal.The degree of regulation on private lending rate determines the protection and development direction of private lending.Private lending is not only related to the disposition of property and autonomy between the parties, but also to the national economic development and security, social stability of public issues.Therefore, the study on how to regulate private lending interest rates is of great significance.This paper is divided into four parts.The first part is the basic overview of private lending interest rate regulation.This part first defines the concept of private lending; secondly, expounds the connotation of the regulation of private lending interest rate; finally, introduces the basic methods of the regulation of private lending interest rate in China.Including the characteristics of the current lending rate in China and the regulation of the basic path of private lending rate analysis.The second part discusses the dilemma of the regulation of private lending interest rate in China, including the difficulty of regulating the private lending interest rate in the legislative level and the dilemma of judicial application.The main controversial points of the current academic circles on private lending include the deficiency of the current regulation of private lending legislation, the conflict and contradiction of the current laws, and the rationality of the upper limit of the lending interest rate.At the level of judicial application, this paper probes into the difficulties of the judicial application of private lending.It includes the application of compound interest of loan in judicial practice, the rule of presumption of interest rate under the circumstance of violating the legal judgment standard of legal interest limit and the case of overdue interest without agreement, and gets its own thinking through analysis and comparison.The third part is about the foreign private lending interest rate regulation of comparative law investigation and inspiration.This part selects the United States, Germany and our country Hong Kong area to carry on the inspection and the analysis.On this basis, this paper summarizes the enlightenment of these countries or regions to our country, including the enactment of special legislation to regulate private lending, and the establishment of a reasonable interest rate ceiling in line with the development of private lending in China according to the actual situation.The fourth part, based on the investigation of the current law of regulating the private lending interest rate, the current situation of private lending and the development needs of thinking, combined with the experience of relevant countries outside the country, to improve the legal regulation of private lending interest rate put forward suggestions.It includes perfecting the legal norms of private lending, establishing a sound supervision mechanism of private lending, strengthening the regulation of private lending interest rate by the judiciary and establishing a supporting system to regulate the private lending interest rate.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923;D922.28

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