新通用顶级域名的权利冲突及权利保护机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 06:06

本文选题：商标 + ICANN　；参考：《北京外国语大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：2012年,互联网名称与数字地址分配机构(以下简称“ICANN ")正式启动了新通用顶级域名扩展计划,互联网名称空间从在此之前的二十二个通用顶级域名,到如今面向全球接受新通用顶级域名的是请。该计划对互联网运作、知识产权权利人特别是商标权人、互联网使用者甚至通用顶级域名本身的性质都将产生“蝴蝶效应”。本篇论文将重点分析新通用顶级域名扩展计划可能给商标权人带来的权利冲突及相应的权利保护机制。首先,文章的引言部分介绍了新通用顶级域名扩展计划的背景,包括对ICANN的成立以及组织性质的介绍、扩展计划实施前互联网名称空间的状况介绍、新通用顶级域名扩展计划启动后的进行状况简介以及中请者向ICANN中清注册新通用顶级域名的主要程序简介。在介绍了本篇选题的基本背景后,本文的第一部分着重分析了新通用顶级域名扩展计划面临的权利冲突问题。首先,笔者以概述的方式介绍了不同声音对新通用顶级域名扩展计划褒贬不一争论；其次,笔者分析了新通用顶级域名扩展计划与商标权可能产生的权利冲突问题之根源来自商标法与域名系统的根本性质难以调和；最后,笔者将问题具体化,论证了新通用顶级域名的扩展,将使原本存在的二级域名权利争议升级并复杂化。在分析了扩展计划面临的权利冲突问题之后,本篇论文进一步对ICANN为应对权利冲突所设计的权利保护机制加以分析。根据新通用顶级域名获得授权之前与获得授权之后不同阶段为分类基础,第二部分将ICANN采取的权利保护机制分为：通用顶级域名获得授权前的权利保护机制和后权力保护机制。其中,通用顶级域名获得授权前的权利保护机制主要包括在中请阶段,商标权利人可以基于四种理由,对中请中的新通用顶级域名提起异议,这其中包括ICANN采取的争用集概念,即相同或可能产生混淆的相似字符串将进入争用集,进而通过争用集争端解决方式确定最后的权利归属。而后权力保护机制又可以分为：1.所有权利保护机制,主要是由商标清算所提供的日升期的预注册服务以及商标声明服务；2.争议解决机制。争议解决机制可以细化为仍然适用于二级域名抢注问题的《统一域名争议解决政策》、可以对侵权域名采取的统一的快速暂停系统、针对通用顶级域名运营商侵权行为的商标授权后争议解决政策,以及基于群体利益受到侵害提出投诉的注册限制争议解决程序。本篇的最后一部分,对ICANN的权利保护机制提出了建议,首先,笔者建议ICANN应当正视域名将逐渐具备商标的区分和识别商品服务来源功能,其次,应当加强对将商标注册为通用顶级域名的商标权人的教育引导,使其合理地利用域名；其次,ICANN应总结异议程序启动后的实践经验,提高基于法定权利提起异议的争议解决效率；再次,ICANN应当优化争用集争端解决机制,在字符串进入拍卖程序之前,设置同一标准对中请人进行合理性评估；此夕,ICANN应当完全摒弃甚至降低商标使用标准,使维权的标准不再高于授权的标准；最后,在后权力保护机制中,ⅠCANN应当将统一的快速暂停系统纳入接近成熟的《统一域名争议解决政策》,最大程度地将域名抢注纠纷解决机制一致化,使商标权人维权的效率与便捷程度进一步提高。本文主要通过研究ICANN发布的官方材料,特别是2012年1月11日《gTLD申请人指导手册》,分析ICANN的权利保护机制,另外,参考了多篇在美国期刊上发表的外文文献,以及国内研究商标域名权利冲突的文献。由于新通用顶级域名扩展计划刚刚启动,公布的异议案件、授权后商标维权问题以及整个权利保护机制是否有效可行都缺少实践考察,国内文献对该话题研究的较少,本文希望可以对新通用顶级域名扩展计划权利纠纷解决机制的系统研究,抛砖引玉。
[Abstract]:In 2012 , the Internet name and digit address allocation agency ( " ICANN " ) officially launched the new general top - level domain name extension plan . The Internet name space is from the twenty - two common top - level domain names before it . The introduction of the new general top - level domain name extension plan is introduced in this paper . First of all , the introduction part of this paper introduces the background of the new general top - level domain name extension plan . The first part of this paper focuses on the analysis of the new general top - level domain name extension plan .
Secondly , the author analyzes the root causes of the right conflict between the new generic top - level domain name extension plan and the trademark right , which is difficult to reconcile with the fundamental nature of the domain name system ;
In the end , the author puts forward the problem concretization , demonstrates the extension of the new generic top - level domain name , and further complicates the dispute of rights protection designed by ICANN . After analyzing the issue of rights conflict before authorization , the paper further divides ICANN ' s rights protection mechanism before authorization . The second part includes the following : 1 . All rights protection mechanism , mainly the pre - registration service and trademark declaration service provided by the trademark liquidation ;
2 . Dispute settlement mechanism . The dispute settlement mechanism can be refined into the unified fast pause system which is still applicable to the second - level domain name preemption . The dispute settlement policy can be applied to the infringement domain name . The last part of this paper suggests that ICANN should gradually distinguish and identify the source function of the goods based on the infringement of the domain name . Secondly , the author suggests that ICANN should strengthen the education guidance of the trademark right person who is registered as a general top domain name , so that it can reasonably utilize the domain name ;
Secondly , ICANN should summarize the practical experience after the objection procedure is started , and raise the dispute settlement efficiency based on the legal right ;
Thirdly , ICANN should optimize the dispute settlement mechanism , and set the same standard pair to evaluate the rationality before the character string enters the auction procedure ;
On the eve of this , ICANN should completely reject and even lower the use standard of trademark , so that the standard of rights is no longer above the standard of authorization ;
Finally , in the post - power protection mechanism , I CANN should integrate the unified fast pause system into the near - mature unified domain name dispute resolution policy dialogue , to maximize the dispute resolution mechanism of the domain name , so that the efficiency and convenience of the rights of the trademark right can be further improved .

This paper analyzes ICANN ' s rights protection mechanism mainly by studying the official materials published by ICANN , especially on Jan . 11 , 2012 . In addition , the paper makes a reference to the foreign literature published in the American Journal and the literature on the conflict of domain name rights in China .

【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D913

【参考文献】