美、日、欧植物新品种权限制的立法与借鉴

发布时间：2018-04-25 23:07

本文选题：植物新品种权限制 + 先用权制度　；参考：《河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2015年01期

【摘要】：在跨国巨型种子公司垄断风险不断增大的背景下,系统构建尚处于起步阶段的中国植物新品种权限制制度,不仅有利于协调权利人利益与非权利人利益以及社会公共利益之间的关系,防止植物新品种权人滥用其权利造成对他人和社会利益的损害,而且还有利于防范和化解跨国种业垄断对我国种业市场的冲击。与美、日、欧发达国家和地区的立法相比较,我国植物新品种权限制制度存在着对植物新品种权限制的力度不够,立法中现有的植物新品种权限制措施规定不到位,一些在美、日、欧行之有效的植物新品种权限制制度尚未确立等不足,应借鉴国外经验,及时引入先用权制度、权利用尽制度、权利冲突解决规则、公共政策优先规则等,并进一步弥补我国现有立法中育种与研究免责、农民特权、强制许可等三种权利限制措施之缺陷。
[Abstract]:Under the background of the increasing monopoly risk of transnational giant seed companies, the system is still in the initial stage of the establishment of new plant variety rights restriction system in China. It is not only conducive to coordinating the relationship between the interests of the obligee and the interests of non-obligee and the public interest of the society, but also prevents the abuse of the rights of the new plant variety right to harm the interests of others and society. It also helps to prevent and resolve the impact of multinational seed monopoly on China's seed market. Compared with the legislation of the developed countries and regions in the United States, Japan and Europe, the restriction system of new plant variety rights in our country is not strong enough to restrict the new plant variety rights, and the existing regulations on the restriction measures of new plant variety rights in the legislation are not in place, some of them are in the United States. In Europe, the effective restriction system of new plant variety rights has not been established, so we should draw lessons from foreign experience, introduce the system of pre-use rights, exhaustion of rights, conflict of rights resolution rules, priority rules of public policy, and so on. Furthermore, it makes up for the defects of three kinds of right restriction measures in the current legislation of our country, such as the exemption from breeding and research, the privilege of farmers and the compulsory license.
【作者单位】：郑州大学法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目(11BFX058)
【分类号】：D913

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