网络购物消费者权益保护实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 18:46

本文选题：网络购物 + 网络购物消费者　；参考：《黑龙江大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着互联网的蓬勃发展,网购规模与人数不断增加的同时,网购消费侵权现象也呈现爆发式增长。网络购物因其低价、便捷,受到越来越多消费者的青睐,然而不同于现实购物,网络购物消费者权益保护的特殊性,以及相关法律滞后性,使得网购规模及人数与网购消费侵权现象却呈现正相关趋势。由于网络交易的特殊性,买卖双方并不是面对面的进行现场交易,而是通过网络这个平台进行沟通、交流并实现交易。受限于网络的虚拟性,消费者对商品的真实特性只能通过网站宣传和图片来了解,再经过电子银行网上结算、物流公司的派送收到货物。在此情形下,消费者对商品的知情权就难以获得保障,对商品的实际质量情况不能做出准确估计,对商品本身可能存在的隐蔽瑕庇无法得知。这就造成了消费者在网络交易中的弱势地位,消费者在便利购物的同时也受到了不同程度的侵权,其法益保护中存在的问题不容忽视。网络购物环境不同于传统购物环境,消费者既要面对网络运营商,也要面对商品经营者。消费者通常选择登陆自己熟悉可靠的网站,却很少了解网站上经营者的状况,并且大多数人很容易混淆网络运营商和经营者之间的关系,一旦发生网络购物纠纷,确认主体责任就很难。同时,消费者在进行网络购物的同时,其个人信息资料被网站及卖家所知悉,消费者在网上进行交易时是否能获得安全保障,成为消费者最关心的问题。保障消费者的安全权是《消费者权益保护法》明确规定的消费者应有的权利之一,在网络购物这种特殊的购物环境下,在线支付安全问题、虚拟财产的保护问题、个人信息隐私权保护问题都是网络运营商和网店经营者必须承担的义务。在网络购物后发生纠纷时,如何保护消费者的合法权益是当前必须解决的难题。网络购物纠纷难以得到解决的原因是多方面的,其中包括诉讼管辖权难以确认、消费者举证难、法律适用界线模糊、诉讼成本过高等方面。我国现行的法律制度对消费者网络购物保护不够完善,关于互联网发展的法律法规实际并不罕见,但是专门针对网络购物,特别是针对网络购物中消费者权益问题的却少之又少了。目前,我国网络购物纠纷适用的法律主要是《民法通则》、《合同法》、《消费者权益保护法》、《产品质量法》等,专门针对网络购物的立法却非常有限,这就造成了法律界定不明确和消费者权益保护不力的问题,针对我国网络购物迅猛发展的态势,在保障网络经济健康发展的同时,如何保护消费者的正当权益是当前刻不容缓、亟待解决的问题。鉴于我国目前网络交易市场的混乱和监管立法的不足,消费者维权的艰难,本文希望通过对网络购物中出现的各种问题的分析,并合理借鉴国外的立法成果,结合我国实际,提出自己的观点,为如何有效实现网络购物中消费者权益保护给出合理的建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of the Internet and the increase in the size and number of online shopping, the infringement of online shopping consumption has also shown an explosive growth. The network shopping is favored by more and more consumers because of its low price and convenience, but it is different from the real shopping, the particularity of the protection of the rights and interests of the consumers in the network purchase, and the related legal lag. Because of the particularity of the network transaction, the buyer and seller are not face-to-face trading, but communicate through the network, communicate and realize the transaction. Limited to the virtual nature of the network, the consumer's real characteristics to the goods are only limited. In this case, the consumer's right to know the goods will not be guaranteed, the actual quality of the goods can not be estimated, and the hidden flaws that may exist in the goods can not be known. The consumer is in the weak position in the network transaction, and the consumer is also infringed on the convenience of shopping at the same time. The problems existing in the protection of the legal interest can not be ignored. The network shopping environment is different from the traditional shopping environment, and the consumers are faced with both the network operators and the commodity operators. The consumers usually choose to land. They are familiar with the reliable website, but rarely understand the status of the operators on the website, and most people easily confuse the relationship between network operators and operators. Once the network shopping disputes occur, it is difficult to confirm the responsibility of the main body. At the same time, the consumer's personal information is known by the website and the seller while doing the online shopping. Knowing whether consumers can secure security on the Internet becomes the most concern of consumers. To ensure the safety of consumers is one of the rights of consumers clearly defined by the consumer protection law. Under the special shopping environment of Internet shopping, the problem of online payment security and the protection of virtual property The protection of personal information privacy is the obligation of network operators and network operators. How to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers is a difficult problem to be solved in the case of online shopping. The reasons for the difficulty of solving the online shopping disputes are multifaceted, including the difficult to confirm the jurisdiction of the litigation. It is difficult for consumers to raise evidence, the boundary of the law is vague and the cost of litigation is too high. The current legal system in China is not perfect for the protection of consumer online shopping. The laws and regulations about the development of the Internet are not rare, but few of them are specially aimed at the online shopping, especially for the consumer rights and interests of the Internet shopping. At present, the applicable laws of Internet shopping disputes in our country are mainly the general rules of the civil law, the contract law, the law of the protection of the rights and interests of the consumers, the product quality law, and so on. The legislation of the online shopping is very limited, which causes the problem of unclear legal definition and the poor protection of the rights and interests of consumers, and the rapid development of Internet shopping in China. Situation, at the same time ensuring the healthy development of network economy, how to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers is urgent and urgent to be solved. In view of the confusion of the current network trading market in China and the shortage of supervision legislation and the difficulty of the rights of consumers, this paper hopes to analyze the various problems that appear in the network shopping and combine the problems. In order to provide reasonable suggestions for how to effectively protect the rights and interests of consumers in the network shopping, we should draw on the foreign legislative achievements and put forward their own views in combination with the actual situation of our country.

【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D923.8

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