建设工程分包商优先受偿权研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 08:42

本文选题：分包商 + 建设工程优先受偿权　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了解决建设工程存在的严重拖欠工程款问题,合同法第286条规定了建设工程优先受偿权制度。至该法生效以来,理论分歧、实务纷争始终未止,其中,合同法第286条的适用主体便是焦点之一。建设工程优先受偿权涉及的主体包括发包商、总包商、分包商、实际施工人、各方雇佣的工作人员、材料供应商等,本文的研究重点在于分包商及因分包合同无效而取得实际施工人身份之主体的建设工程优先受偿权的有无、实现途径等几个问题。体例上,本文除引言、结论之外分三部分:第一部分建设工程分包商优先受偿权概述,首先谈及分包商适用建设工程优先受偿权问题的学界分歧,在该分歧上再分析原因,提出对我国分包体系认识的不足是产生争议的一个重要原因,并基于此对我国分包体系进行重新梳理,把我国分包分为施工专业分包(简称专业分包)、勘察设计分包、装饰装修分包、劳务分包等几类。最后,在比较法上介绍国外相关立法的规定,得出如今很多先进国家支持分包商享有建设工程优先受偿权的结论。第二部分建设工程分包商优先受偿权的成立及分析,旨在讨论各类分包商的建设工程优先受偿权有无。专业分包商享有建设工程优先受偿权,因为根据现行有关法律规范可以分析得出发包商已经介入分包合同的事实,以此得到合同相对性原则在建设工程合同中被突破的结论。此外,本文还从立法目的、公平正义及效率的法律价值、增值理论等角度分别加以论述,以支持专业分包商的建设工程优先受偿权。勘察、设计分包商无建设工程优先受偿权,从法条解释、立法目的、契约关系等角度即可得出该结论。劳务分包商无建设工程优先受偿权,因其无必要、无理由、无一定要具有建设工程优先受偿权的制度目的,其债权可以通过工资优先权优先保护。分包合同无效的实际施工人无建设工程优先受偿权,因建设工程优先受偿权依合同产生,且具有强大的对抗效力,实际施工人不能也不适合适用建设工程优先受偿权,其债权可以依据《建设合同解释》第2条、第25条、第26条得到主张,并且可以通过添附后对发包商主张不当得利请求权得以实现。第三部分建设工程专业分包商优先受偿权的实现路径。该部分首先分析专业分包商在享有建设工程优先受偿权情况下建设各方的权利冲突,在此基础上分析认为其享有建设工程优先受偿权的条件是向发包商申报及登记;为保障总包商利益进而提出总包商可通过专业分包商建设工程优先受偿权的放弃或分包工程款已清偿以对分包商建设工程优先受偿权提出抗辩;此外,本部分还分析了分包商优先受偿权的担保范围及优先序列;最后论述专业分包商建设工程优先受偿权的实现路径。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem that the construction project is in serious arrears, Article 286 of the contract Law stipulates the system of the priority right of payment of the construction project. Since the law came into effect, there have been theoretical differences and disputes in practice. Among them, the subject of Article 286 of contract Law is one of the focal points. The subjects involved in the priority right of compensation for construction projects include the contractor, the general contractor, the subcontractor, the actual constructor, the staff employed by the parties, the material supplier, etc. The research focus of this paper is on whether the subcontractor and the subject who obtains the actual constructor's status as the actual constructor has the right of priority compensation and how to realize the right of subcontractor and the subject who obtained the actual constructor status because of the invalidation of the subcontract and so on. In style, this paper is divided into three parts in addition to the introduction and conclusion: the first part is an overview of the priority right of subcontractors in construction projects. Firstly, it discusses the academic differences in the application of priority compensation rights in construction projects by subcontractors, and then analyzes the reasons for the differences. It is pointed out that the lack of understanding of China's subcontracting system is an important reason for the controversy, and based on this, the subcontracting system of our country is reorganized, and the subcontracting of our country is divided into construction subcontracting (for short, professional subcontracting, survey and design subcontracting). Decoration and decoration subcontracting, labor subcontracting and other categories. Finally, this paper introduces the relevant legislation of foreign countries in comparative law, and draws the conclusion that many advanced countries support the subcontractors to enjoy the right of preferential compensation for construction projects. The second part is about the establishment and analysis of the construction subcontractor's priority right of compensation, aiming at discussing the existence or not of the construction project priority right of all kinds of subcontractors. Professional subcontractors enjoy the right to be compensated first in construction projects, because according to the existing relevant legal norms, the fact that the contractor has already intervened in the subcontract can be analyzed, and the conclusion that the principle of relativity of contract has been broken through in the construction contract can be obtained. In addition, this paper also discusses the legislative purpose, the legal value of fairness, justice and efficiency, and the theory of value-added, in order to support the professional subcontractors' priority of compensation for construction projects. This conclusion can be obtained from the angle of interpretation of law, legislative purpose, contract relationship, etc. The labor service subcontractor does not have the construction project priority compensation right, because it is unnecessary, has no reason, does not necessarily have the construction project priority compensation right system purpose, its creditor's rights may be protected by the salary priority. The actual constructor who is invalid in the subcontract does not have the prior right to be reimbursed for the construction project. Because the priority of the construction project comes into being according to the contract and has a strong antagonistic effect, the actual constructor cannot and is not suitable for the application of the right of priority payment of the construction project. The creditor's rights can be claimed according to Article 2, Article 25, Article 26 of Construction contract interpretation, and can be realized by adding additional documents to claim the right of unjust enrichment against the contractor. The third part is the way to realize the priority of subcontractors in construction engineering. In this part, the author first analyzes the conflict of rights of professional subcontractors under the condition that they enjoy the priority of compensation for construction projects. On the basis of the analysis, the author thinks that the condition for the professional subcontractors to enjoy the priority of compensation for construction projects is to declare and register to the contractors. In order to protect the interests of the contractor and then propose that the contractor may, through the waiver of the priority of the construction project of the professional subcontractor or the payment of the subcontract, raise a defense against the priority of the subcontractor in the construction of the project; in addition, This part also analyzes the scope and priority sequence of the subcontractor's priority right of payment, and finally discusses the way to realize the priority right of the professional subcontractor's construction project.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.6

【参考文献】