“开放式小区”中公私权的冲突与平衡

发布时间：2018-06-14 10:14

本文选题：公权力 + 私权利　；参考：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：中共中央国务院提出我国将开始住宅街区制的新模式。已建成的封闭式住宅小区也要逐步开放,实现内部道路公共化,解决交通路网布局问题,促进土地节约利用。随着城市化进程不断深入,我国城市的交通和基础公共设施不能满足城市人口日益增长的压力,导致经济效率底下,人民生活质量下降。为了改善这些问题,国家利用宏观调控规划开放式小区来保障公民享有私权利,同时也会引发公权力与私权利之间的冲突。公、私权之间的矛盾不加以调和,会严重影响国家与公民利益,引发社会冲突。“开放式小区”的建立关乎着人民群众的切身利益,如封闭小区开放后业主财产权的维护,即公民的私权利。而打开小区围墙,小区设施公共化又体现出了国家公权力的强制性,以及对私权利的干预。本文将通过讨论建立开放小区的利弊并结合对公私权之间关系加以阐述,进一步明确在小区开放化过程中公权为国家土地规划利用权,以及私权为公民的合法财产权,并分析二者产生冲突的表现和原因,从而通过限制公权力,保障私权利,通过权利制约权力,并完善公共利益的界定,以及各项补偿措施等实体性质和程序性质的法律。以探索既能保障公民权利,又能解决社会问题的路径,协调公私权冲突,平衡二者的关系,为完善城市规划法制提出建议。
[Abstract]:The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have proposed a new model for China to start residential block system. The closed residential district which has been built should be gradually opened to realize the publicity of internal roads solve the problem of traffic network layout and promote land conservation and utilization. With the deepening of urbanization, the urban transportation and infrastructure can not meet the increasing pressure of urban population, which leads to economic efficiency and the decline of people's quality of life. In order to improve these problems, the state uses macro-control to plan open residential areas to protect citizens' private rights, and at the same time, it will lead to the conflict between public power and private rights. The contradiction between public and private rights can not be reconciled, will seriously affect the interests of the state and citizens, causing social conflicts. The establishment of "open district" concerns the vital interests of the people, such as the protection of the owner's property right after the opening of the closed residential area, that is, the private right of the citizen. When the fence is opened, the public facilities reflect the compulsory power of the state and the interference of the private right. This paper will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of establishing open community and expound the relationship between public and private rights, and further clarify that the public right is the national land planning and utilization right, and the private right is the citizen's legal property right in the process of community opening. It also analyzes the manifestation and reason of the conflict between the two, so as to restrict the public power, protect the private right, restrict the power through the right, and perfect the definition of the public interest, as well as the law of substantive and procedural nature such as various compensation measures. In order to explore the path that can not only protect the civil rights but also solve the social problems, coordinate the conflict between public and private rights, balance the relationship between the two, and put forward some suggestions for perfecting the legal system of urban planning.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923

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