探析海运保函相关法律问题

发布时间：2018-02-13 11:28

  本文关键词： 海运保函 法律效力 无单放货 提单　出处：《华中科技大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：一直以来,作为海运理论和实务中广为关注的问题,海运保函是国际海上货物运输业务中一种常见的信用单证,它的出现与应用不仅是一个重要的行业实务问题,而且是一个急需进行规范的法律问题。现实表明,海运保函给贸易和海运带来了极大的便捷,存在重大的经济价值;然而,传统的国际贸易秩序却也因为海运保函的出现和广泛应用受到了剧烈的冲击,尤其是提单的安全性和信任度大大降低,并使贸易欺诈的越来越常见。在海运保函中,银行出具的提货保函作为最常用的海运保函,其发挥的积极作用更受人关注。因此,对于海运保函,笔者将从其法律性质、法律效力、风险防范和法律完善等方面进行研究,希望通过此文,能够促进我国国际贸易中海上运输业务快速和健康发展,甚至对我国海商法理论的发展和完善产生积极的推动作用。 笔者将从以下几个方面论述了提货保函这一问题,第一章通过阐述海运保函的产生和发展,根据其适用范围,界定海运保函的概念。重点分析了在无单放货的情况下银行出具的海运保函的概念和基本特征。并介绍了海运保函在实践中的积极意义和消极意义。本文第二章介绍了民法理论中对海运保函法律性质的规定,并对不同主体所出具的保函性质进行区分,重点阐述了无单放货情形下出具的海运保函的法律性质。本文第三章通过对比国内外的法律及国际条约对海运保函的法律效力的态度,主要分析无单放货情形下海运保函的法律效力问题,以及在认定海运保函效力之后的处理方式。文章最后一章为了使海运保函在实践中发挥积极作用,主要分析保函给承运人和银行带来的风险和防范措施,并对完善相关立法提出建议。在当前国内外对海运保函的法律地位和效力认定不明确,以及理论界众说纷纭的背景之下,鉴于保函在实践中的必要性和积极作用,本文从实践的角度进行了深入的分析和研究,为贸易各方提出了相应的风险防范措施和立法建议,以使海运保函更好地促进国际贸易和海运事业的发展。
[Abstract]:As a widespread concern in the theory and practice of maritime transportation, maritime guarantee is a common credit document in the international maritime cargo transport business. Its appearance and application is not only an important industry practical problem. And it is a legal issue that needs to be regulated urgently. Reality shows that maritime transport guarantees bring great convenience and great economic value to trade and shipping; however, However, the traditional international trade order has also been severely impacted by the appearance and wide application of maritime guarantees, especially the reduction of the security and trust of bills of lading, and the increasing incidence of trade fraud. As the most commonly used maritime guarantee, the positive role played by the bank has attracted more attention. Therefore, the author will study the maritime guarantee from its legal nature, legal effect, risk prevention and legal perfection, and so on. It is hoped that this paper can promote the rapid and healthy development of the maritime transport business in China's international trade, and even have a positive role in promoting the development and improvement of the theory of maritime law in China. The author will discuss this problem from the following aspects: the first chapter elaborates the emergence and development of maritime guarantee, according to its scope of application, The concept of maritime guarantee is defined. The concept and basic characteristics of maritime guarantee issued by bank without delivery of goods are analyzed, and the positive and negative significance of maritime guarantee in practice is introduced. Chapter two of this paper. This paper introduces the legal nature of maritime guarantee in the theory of civil law. And to distinguish the nature of the guarantee issued by different subjects, The legal nature of the maritime guarantee issued in the case of the delivery of goods without a bill of lading is emphasized. The third chapter of this paper compares the legal effect of domestic and foreign laws and international treaties on the legal effect of the maritime guarantee. This paper mainly analyzes the legal effect of the maritime guarantee under the condition of non-documentary release, and the way to deal with it after determining the validity of the maritime guarantee. The last chapter of the article aims to make the maritime guarantee play an active role in practice. This paper mainly analyzes the risks and preventive measures that the guarantee brings to the carrier and the bank, and puts forward some suggestions to perfect the relevant legislation. Under the background that the legal status and validity of the maritime guarantee are not clear at home and abroad, and there are different opinions in the theoretical circle, In view of the necessity and positive role of guarantee in practice, this paper makes a thorough analysis and study from the perspective of practice, and puts forward corresponding risk prevention measures and legislative suggestions for all parties involved in the trade. In order to better promote the development of international trade and maritime transport.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D996.1

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本文编号：1508051