海上保险法下被保险人未告知责任及其变革

发布时间：2018-04-26 17:27

本文选题：海上保险 + 未告知责任　；参考：《大连海事大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：海上保险法下的告知义务作为最大诚信原则的主要内容之一,该义务要求被保险人在订立海上保险合同前按照法律法规的规定,如实将其知道的与保险标的或承保风险有关的重要情况告知保险人,以便其正确判断是否订立及以何种条件订立海上保险合同。我国《海商法》第二百二十三条对海上保险中被保险人违反告知义务的法律后果作了规定。但由于该条款规定的不完善,给相关海上保险实践带来了诸多争议。自上世纪八十年代以来,随着海上保险业的迅速发展,澳大利亚、挪威、德国等世界航运强国,对该制度都进行了一些新的变革尝试,尤其是在被保险人未告知责任方面。本文试图从分析海上保险下未告知责任的变革趋势入手,结合我国相关立法,对海上保险下被保险人未告知责任做出详尽的分析和阐述,希望能探寻引入新救济规则的可能性,从而有助于我国海上保险立法的完善,促进海上保险业健康发展。基于海上保险法的国际性特征尤为显著,借鉴国外先进立法经验,也对中国保险业进入国际市场有重要意义。本论文综合运用比较法、法经济学分析等研究方法,探寻将未告知责任变革新趋势引入国内海商法的可行性,试图对国内法律进行完善。论文共分为引言、正文、结论三个部分。正文由五个章节构成。第一章是关于海上保险法下被保险人告知制度的概述,对告知制度的基本内涵、立法现状简要论述,宏观把握两大法系有代表性国家的立法改革与现状,为下文的展开进行了铺垫。第二章是被保险人违反告知义务新救济规则,通过对比例性赔偿制度进行分析,详细的阐述了这一新救济规则的内容。第三章是被保险人违反法律后果变革评析,从法理基础、经济学以及法律背景变革三个角度对被保险人违反告知义务法律后果变革评析,阐述其利弊。第四章是中国海上保险被保险人未告知责任,通过对海商法及其他相关法规的论述,揭示我国海商法下被保险人未告知责任制度瑕疵。而本文的最后一章,则是在上文论述的基础上,吸收新救济规则的精粹,对我国的海上保险立法提出相关完善建议。
[Abstract]:The obligation of notification under the law of marine insurance is one of the main contents of the principle of maximum integrity. The obligation requires the insured to inform the insurer in accordance with the provisions of the law and regulations before concluding the marine insurance contract, and in fact inform the insurer of the important circumstances relating to the subject of insurance or the risk of underwriting, so that it can correctly judge whether it is concluded and what it is. Conditions for marine insurance are concluded. The 223rd articles of maritime law in China stipulate the legal consequences of the breach of the disclosure obligation of the insured in marine insurance. However, due to the imperfect provisions of this clause, many disputes have been brought to the practice of marine insurance. Since the 80s of last century, with the rapid development of marine insurance industry, Australia, Norway, Germany and other world shipping powers have made some new changes to the system, especially in the uninformed liability of the insured. This article tries to analyze the trend of the uninformed responsibility under the maritime insurance, and combine the relevant legislation of our country to make a detailed account of the uninformed liability of the insured under maritime insurance. It is hoped to explore the possibility of introducing new relief rules, which will help to improve our maritime insurance legislation and promote the healthy development of marine insurance industry. The international characteristics based on maritime insurance law are particularly significant. It is of great significance for China's insurance industry to enter the international market for reference from foreign advanced legislative experience.
This paper uses comparative method, economic analysis and other research methods to explore the feasibility of introducing the new trend of non informing responsibility into the domestic maritime law, trying to improve the domestic law. The thesis is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The text is composed of five chapters. The first chapter is about the insured under the law of marine insurance. The overview of the knowledge system, the basic connotation of the informing system, the legislative status quo briefly discussed, the macro grasp of the legislative reform and status of the representative countries of the two legal systems, paving the way for the following. The second chapter is the new relief rules for the insurant to violate the notification obligation, and through the analysis of the system of proportional compensation, the detailed exposition of this The content of a new relief rule. The third chapter is the evaluation of the insurant's violation of the legal consequences. From the three angles of legal basis, economics and legal background change, the author expounds the advantages and disadvantages of the insurant's violation of the legal consequences of the informing obligation. The fourth chapter is the non informing responsibility of the insured by the Chinese maritime insurance, through the maritime law and Other relevant laws and regulations discuss the defects of the informing liability system of the insured under the maritime law of China, and the last chapter of this article, on the basis of the previous article, absorbs the essence of the new relief rules and puts forward some suggestions on the legislation of marine insurance in our country.

【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.294;D922.284

【参考文献】