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论货物运输中不同法律地位下港口经营人的责任限制

发布时间:2018-05-23 08:59

  本文选题:港口经营人 + 法律地位 ; 参考:《华东政法大学》2012年硕士论文


【摘要】:作为海上运输的枢纽,港口在海上货物运输中正发挥着越来越重要的作用。与众多的规范海上运输法律法规形成鲜明对比的是,规范港口经营人的法律法规不但在我国,而且在国际社会上,都远远不能满足实际的需要,特别是对港口经营人责任限制的规定更鲜见于生效立法之中。对港口经营人的法律地位问题,在理论和实践中形成了多种观点,相应的关于港口经营人应享有何种责任限制,在理论和实践中也大相径庭。本文拟对不同法律地位下港口经营人的责任限制进行分析和对比,结合相关理论和案例,,提出港口经营人在履约承运人或海运履约方地位下享受责任限制较为合理。同时分析我国的立法和司法现状,结合台湾海商法关于港口经营人的规定,探索在我国赋予港口经营人责任限制的可行之道。 本文第一章介绍了港口、港口经营人的相关概念,概述港口经营人责任限制,指出在我国及国际社会中对于港口及港口经营人还没有一个统一的立法概念,也没有对港口经营人责任限制的统一规定,进而探讨了制定港口经营人责任限制制度的必要性。 第二章重点分析了不同法律地位下港口经营人的责任限制,首先介绍了理论和实践中关于港口经营人法律地位的几种观点,进而结合相关案例,分析不同法律地位下对港口经营人所适用的责任限制,最后指出《鹿特丹规则》对确定港口经营人法律地位和责任限制的进步意义。 第三章介绍了国际社会中与港口经营人责任限制有关的立法,除了三大传统的海上运输公约外,还分析了《联合国国际贸易运输港站经营人赔偿责任公约》、《鹿特丹规则》对港口经营人责任限制的规定。 第四章立足我国的立法状况,分析了台湾《海商法》中关于港口经营人责任限制的演进,探讨了我国赋予港口经营人责任限制可行之道。将海运履约方概念引入我国《海商法》以及在《港口法》中增加有关港口经营人赔偿限制的规定在现阶段尚不具可行性,最好的方法是借鉴台湾《海商法》的做法,适用闭口条款,在《海商法》中增加相关责任限制的条文。
[Abstract]:As the hub of maritime transportation, port is playing a more and more important role in maritime cargo transportation. In contrast to many laws and regulations regulating maritime transport, the laws and regulations governing port operators are far from satisfying the actual needs, not only in China, but also in the international community. In particular, the limitation of the liability of port operators is rarely found in the effective legislation. There are many views on the legal status of the port operator in theory and practice, and the corresponding limitation on the liability of the port operator is quite different in theory and practice. This paper analyzes and compares the limitation of the liability of the port operator under different legal status and proposes that it is reasonable for the port operator to enjoy the limitation of liability under the status of the performing carrier or the maritime performing party combined with the relevant theories and cases. At the same time, this paper analyzes the present situation of legislation and judicature in our country, and explores the feasible ways to limit the liability of port operators in our country in combination with the provisions of Taiwan Maritime Law on port operators. The first chapter introduces the related concepts of port and port operator, summarizes the limitation of the liability of port operator, and points out that there is not a unified legislative concept for port and port operator in China and the international community. There is no uniform regulation on the limitation of the liability of the port operator, and the necessity of establishing the system of the limitation of the liability of the operator of the port is discussed. The second chapter focuses on the analysis of the limitation of the liability of the port operator under different legal status. Firstly, it introduces several views on the legal status of the port operator in theory and practice, and then combines the relevant cases. This paper analyzes the limitation of liability applied to port operators under different legal status, and finally points out the progressive significance of Rotterdam rules in determining the legal status and limitation of liability of port operators. The third chapter introduces the legislation related to the limitation of the liability of port operators in the international community, in addition to the three traditional maritime transport conventions, The provisions of the United Nations Convention on the liability of operators of Transport Terminals in International Trade and the Rotterdam rules on the limitation of liability of Port operators are also analyzed. The fourth chapter analyzes the evolution of the limitation of the liability of port operators in Taiwan's Maritime Law based on the legislative situation of our country, and probes into the feasible ways for China to grant the limitation to the liability of port operators. It is not feasible at this stage to introduce the concept of maritime performing party into China's Maritime Law and to add the provisions on the limitation of compensation to port operators in the Port Law. The best way is to learn from the practice of Taiwan's Maritime Law. Apply the closed-mouth clause and add the relevant liability limitation provisions in the Maritime Law.
【学位授予单位】:华东政法大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2012
【分类号】:D996.19;D922.294

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