食品中亚硝酸钠快速测定的新方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-11 21:03

本文选题：亚硝酸钠 + 测定　；参考：《齐齐哈尔大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究提出了两种快速测定食品中亚硝酸盐的新方法。亚硝酸盐作为食品防腐剂和发色剂，能改善食品的色泽和口感，有发色、防腐双重功效，是国家列入允许使用的食品添加剂之一。但是亚硝酸盐是食品添加剂中急性中毒较强的物质之一，摄入0.2-0.5g就可引起中毒，在人的胃肠中，NO2-可以与仲胺类物质反应，生成具有致癌性的亚硝胺类物质，，在正常加工条件下也总是能检测出含量较高的亚硝胺，而亚硝胺的生成与亚硝酸钠的使用密切相关。因此，食品中亚硝酸盐的检测就成了一项必须且很重要的项目。亚硝酸盐的传统检测方法，如光度法，色谱法等，虽然结果比较准确，但是都存在着检测周期长、程序复杂、所需试剂繁多等缺点。目前，国内外研究人员已经发展了一些新方法对亚硝酸盐进行快速检测，主要包括盐酸萘乙二胺法、格里试剂比色法、原子吸收光谱法、离子色谱法、极谱法等。这些方法虽然缩短了检测时间，简化了检测流程，但是普遍降低了检测的灵敏度和选择性。因此需要一种既快速，又能保持高灵敏度，高选择性的亚硝酸盐检测方法。 1.高锰酸钾滴定法：本方法主要是利用高锰酸钾的氧化性，和亚硝酸钠在酸性条件下发生氧化还原反应，根据绘制的滴定曲线并结合数学方法来计算亚硝酸钠的含量。通过实验确定出最佳用酸及其浓度和用量、最佳亚硝酸钠浓度，以及排除共存离子NaCl的影响。最后用此方法对市面上几种火腿肠进行试验性检测，来确定此方法的可行性。 2.电位滴定法：本方法主要是借助亚硝酸钠的电极电位，用自动电位滴定仪或非常普及常用的酸度计来测量亚硝酸钠的含量。通过实验确定出最佳选择性电极种类、最佳氧化剂和最佳亚硝酸根离子的测试浓度，应用精确的数学方法如一级微商法、二级微商法来计算终点体积，进而确定亚硝酸钠的含量。
[Abstract]:In this study, two new methods for rapid determination of nitrite in foods were proposed.
Nitrite, as a food preservative and chromophore, can improve the color and taste of food, have the double effects of hair color and anticorrosion. It is one of the food additives allowed to use in the country. But nitrite is one of the strong substances in food additives, which can cause poisoning. In human gastrointestinal, NO2- can be used in the human stomach. Secondary amines are reacted to produce carcinogenic nitrosamines and are always able to detect high nitrosamines under normal processing conditions. The formation of nitrosamines is closely related to the use of sodium nitrite. Therefore, the detection of nitrite in food has become a necessary and important project.
The traditional detection methods of nitrite, such as photometric method and chromatographic method, have the shortcomings of long detection period, complicated procedures and various reagents. At present, researchers at home and abroad have developed some new methods for rapid detection of nitrite, mainly including naphthalene ethylenediamine hydrochloric acid method, Gli reagent. Colorimetric method, atomic absorption spectrometry, ion chromatography, polarography and so on. Although these methods shorten the detection time, simplify the detection process, but generally reduce the sensitivity and selectivity of the detection. Therefore, a fast, high sensitive, high selective nitrite detection method is needed.
1. Potassium Permanganate titration: this method mainly uses the oxidation of Potassium Permanganate and the redox reaction of sodium nitrite under the acid condition. The content of sodium nitrite is calculated according to the titration curve drawn and combined with the mathematical method. The optimum acid and its concentration and dosage, the optimum sodium nitrite concentration and the concentration of sodium nitrite are determined by the experiment. The influence of coexisting ions NaCl was eliminated. Finally, the method was applied to test several kinds of ham sausage on the market to determine the feasibility of this method.
2. potential titration: this method is mainly based on the electrode potential of sodium nitrite, using an automatic potentiometer or a very popular acidity meter to measure the content of sodium nitrite. The test concentration of the best selective electrode, the best oxidant and the best nitrite ion is determined by the experiment, and the precise mathematical method is applied, for example. First order micro commercial method, two level micro commercial method to calculate end point volume, and then determine the content of sodium nitrite.
【学位授予单位】：齐齐哈尔大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TS207.3

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