农村土地流转中政府角色研究

发布时间：2018-12-17 17:24

【摘要】：随着工业化和城市化的进一步推进,经济发展对土地的需求日益膨胀。农村土地流转不仅对国民经济发展有举足轻重的作用,还关系到广大农民群众的切身利益和农村稳定。政府在农地流转中的作用举足轻重。但是,地方政府在农村土地流转中出现的“越位”和“缺位”问题。我们需要重新定位政府在农村土地流转中的角色,以保障农地流转依法有序进行,确保国家的粮食安全和失地农民长远利益的保障。目前,对于农村土地流转的研究主要集中在经济法、民商法、农业经济以及土地管理等方面。本文通过宪法和行政法学的分析,提出政府在农地流转中重新定位的新举措。在在处理中央与地方关系方面,宪法规定的基本框架之下,构建法制化的中央与地方关系；本着充分调动地方积极性的原则,将地方纳入到政策决定的过程之中,尊重地方政府的意见；坚持和完善德、能、勤、绩、廉的综合考核标准,让地方政府完成从“投资型政府”到“服务型政府”的转型。在保障18亿亩耕地红线方面,约束农地流转中政府的行政指导和完善农村土地流转的监督机制,使行政主体的行为受到法的制约,使农地流转过程受到上级行政机关和社会舆论的监督。在失地农民的社会保障方面,需要政府在法律、法规和政策方面予以保障。需要失地农民的参与,充分表达自己的意愿。需要政府、第三方与失地农民进行良好的协商互动,确定征地的具体位置、面积、补偿、安置的相关细节。政府还应当力主企业在促进失地农民就业、保护农村生态环境保护和发展农村公益事业三方面承担更多的社会责任。通过政府在农地流转中的重新定位,以期完善农地流转法律体系,切实保障和落实农民群众的根本利益,促进农村可持续发展。
[Abstract]:With the further development of industrialization and urbanization, the demand for land is expanding day by day. The circulation of rural land not only plays an important role in the development of national economy, but also relates to the vital interests of the broad masses of peasants and the stability of rural areas. The government plays an important role in the agricultural land transfer. However, the local government in the rural land circulation appeared in the "offside" and "vacant" problems. We need to reposition the role of the government in the rural land circulation in order to ensure the orderly circulation of agricultural land according to law and to ensure the national food security and the long-term interests of landless farmers. At present, the research on rural land circulation mainly focuses on economic law, civil and commercial law, agricultural economy and land management. Through the analysis of constitution and administrative law, this paper puts forward the new measures of the government's repositioning in the agricultural land transfer. In dealing with the relationship between the central and local governments, the relationship between the central and local governments should be established under the basic framework stipulated by the Constitution. Based on the principle of full mobilization of local initiatives, local authorities should be included in the process of policy decisions, and the views of local governments should be respected; Adhere to and perfect the comprehensive assessment standards of morality, ability, diligence, achievement and honesty, so that local governments can complete the transition from "investment-oriented government" to "service-oriented government". In the aspect of protecting the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land, the administrative guidance of the government and the supervision mechanism of the rural land circulation should be restrained in order to restrict the behavior of the administrative subject by the law. So that the process of farmland transfer by higher administrative organs and public opinion supervision. In the aspect of social security for landless farmers, the government needs to protect them in laws, regulations and policies. We need the participation of land-losing farmers to fully express their will. The government, the third party and the landless farmers are required to conduct good consultation and interaction to determine the specific location, area, compensation and placement details of the land requisition. The government should also advocate enterprises to undertake more social responsibility in promoting the employment of landless farmers, protecting the rural ecological environment and developing rural public welfare undertakings. Through the repositioning of the government in the agricultural land circulation, the author hopes to perfect the legal system of the agricultural land circulation, ensure and implement the fundamental interests of the peasants, and promote the sustainable development of the countryside.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.3;F301

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