论宪法的权威——一种政治宪法学的思考

发布时间：2018-01-26 04:14

本文关键词： 宪法权威国家理性政治正当性宪法政治　出处：《政法论坛》2014年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于对西方法政思想史的考察,可将法律与权威的关系问题总结成三类,即关于权威的政治理论、哲学理论和法学理论,并由此依照政治宪法学方法重构出宪法的三重权威问题:政治理论中的宪法权威问题乃是国家理性问题,它包括权力理论和安全理论;哲学层面的宪法权威问题乃是国家正义问题,其主要表现形式是革命的自然权利和政治正当性意义上的同意问题;法治意义上的宪法权威问题则将政治理论中的国家理性转换为法学范围内的立宪的国家理性,同时寻求将革命性的国家正义的诉求转化为"宪法政治"。中国现行宪法以人民主权的权力构造奠定其国家理性意义上的权威,以人民的正当性和革命的历史正义奠定其国家正义意义上的权威,未来当寻求宪法权威的法律拟制,以最终成就一种立宪的国家理性和法治意义上的"宪法政治"。
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation of the history of western legal thought, the relationship between law and authority can be divided into three categories, namely, the political theory of authority, the theory of philosophy and the theory of law. According to the method of political constitution, the author reconstructs the triple authority of the constitution: the constitutional authority in the political theory is the rational problem of the state, which includes the theory of power and the theory of security; The issue of constitutional authority at the philosophical level is the issue of state justice, the main form of which is the question of natural rights of revolution and consent in the sense of political legitimacy. The constitutional authority in the sense of rule of law transforms the national rationality in political theory into constitutional national rationality within the scope of jurisprudence. At the same time, it seeks to transform the revolutionary demand of national justice into "constitutional politics". China's current constitution establishes its authority in the sense of national rationality with the power structure of the people's sovereignty. With the legitimacy of the people and the historical justice of the revolution, the authority in the sense of national justice should be established, and the legal fiction of the authority of the constitution should be sought in the future. A constitutional politics in the sense of constitutional rationality and rule of law.
【作者单位】：北京航空航天大学人文与社会科学高等研究院;
【基金】：2012年北京航空航天大学校级研究生精品课《宪法A》立项资助
【分类号】：D911
【正文快照】： 法律不同于道德礼仪或宗教信条,属于一种基于社会政治权力的行为规范,塑造的是社会秩序,或者说是社会秩序的规范形态。因此,法律从产生之日起,就具有世俗权威的特性,没有权威的法律不是法律。但是,究竟什么是法律,什么是权威,法律与权威的关系怎样,在中西法律思想史中从来就

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