代孕生育合法化研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 03:32

本文关键词： 代孕生育社会影响合法化原则代孕合同　出处：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着科学技术水平的提高,代孕等人工生育方式已经渐渐的被应用到人们的现实生活中,这一技术的出现虽然给不孕不育患者带来了希望,但是它同时也强烈冲击着传统的思想观念和伦理道德,冲击着现有的法律制度。于是许多国家纷纷予以立法应对,以协调因此导致的不容回避的新型社会问题。目前我国在整体上对于代孕等人类辅助生殖技术所面临的相关问题,没有一部专门的法律法规予以规范,只有卫生部的部门规章对部分问题作了规定。由此可见,在我国目前这种日趋复杂的社会形势下,我觉得有必要对代孕行为进行法律的思考,并结合我国具体情况对代孕行为的立法提出一定的看法。近年来,学界对于代孕立法这一话题的讨论和研究日渐增多起来。我认为代孕这一技术的出现对于满足许多不孕不育家庭对于繁衍后代这一基本人性需求是有积极帮助的。代孕这一行为对社会文明的发展在基础点上是有意义的,所以一个法制社会应该用法律来规范它,管理好它。本文共分为四部分：第一部分,笔者综合各方观点以及现有的一些法规,将代孕的定义进行了归纳,并对代孕所产生的原因进行了全面的分析。这其中包括社会原因、历史原因和人类自身的原因。学界对于代孕的分类采取不同的理论依据,笔者主要从配子的来源将代孕分为了三个类别。第二部分,通过查阅大量的资料,列举了代孕生育目前在国内外的社会现状和立法现状。类比了代孕合法化和代孕非法化的代表性国家的立法现状,给我们的代孕立法提供参考。第三部分,阐释了笔者对于代孕生育在我国合法化的依据和应该遵循的三个原则。从法理基础探究了将代孕合法化是保障人类三个基本权利的有益实践。第四部分,笔者着重阐述如果将代孕合法化,如何规范和管理代孕行为。主要观点是用包括允许代孕的种类、待代孕主体的限制、代孕子女法律地位的确认以及用代孕合同来规范整个代孕行为,并且辅以新型的管理机构来管理和约束它等。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of science and technology, artificial fertility, such as surrogacy, has been gradually applied to people's real life, although the emergence of this technology has brought hope to infertile patients. But at the same time, it also has a strong impact on the traditional ideas and ethics, impact on the existing legal system, so many countries have to legislate to deal with it. In order to coordinate the resulting inevitable new social problems. At present, there is not a special law and regulations to regulate the related problems of human assisted reproductive technology such as surrogacy in our country. Only the departmental regulations of the Ministry of Health provide for some problems. From this we can see that under the increasingly complicated social situation in our country, I feel that it is necessary to think about surrogacy by law. And combined with the specific situation of our country to the legislation of surrogacy behavior put forward some views. In recent years. The discussion and research of surrogacy legislation in academic circles is increasing day by day. I think the emergence of surrogacy technology can help many infertile families to meet the basic human needs of reproduction. The act of surrogacy is meaningful to the development of social civilization. Therefore, a legal society should use the law to regulate it and manage it well. This paper is divided into four parts: In the first part, the author summarizes the definition of surrogacy and analyzes the causes of surrogate pregnancy, including social reasons. The academic circles adopt different theoretical basis for the classification of surrogacy. The author divides surrogacy into three categories mainly from the origin of gamete. The second part, through consulting a large number of data, enumerates the current social and legislative status of surrogacy at home and abroad, and compares the legislative status of representative countries of legalization and illegal surrogacy. To provide reference for our surrogate legislation. In the third part, the author explains the basis of legalization of surrogacy in our country and three principles that should be followed, and probes into the beneficial practice of legalizing surrogate pregnancy as a guarantee of three basic human rights from the legal basis. In the 4th part, the author focuses on how to regulate and manage the surrogacy behavior if the surrogacy is legalized. The confirmation of the legal status of surrogate children and the regulation of the whole surrogacy behavior by surrogate contract, and the administration and restraint of surrogate children by a new type of administrative institution.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16;D923

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